トリチェリーの真空についての英語訳をお願いします。
In 1648 the Torricellian vacuum was known to physics in general and to Pascal in particular. This is the vacuum formed at the upper closed end of a tube which has first been filled with mercury and then inverted with its lower open end in a dish of mercury. At sea-level , the column of mercury falls in the tube until it is ( )inches high and remains there, leaving a vacuum above it. Pascal was of the opinion that the column is supported by the weight of the air that presses upon the mercury in the dish (he was right; the Torricellian tube is a barometer) and that the column should be shorter at higher altitudes where the weight of the atmosphere would be less. So he asked his brother-in-law,Perier, who was at Clermont, to perform for him the obvious experiment at the Puy-de-Dome,a mountain in the neighborhood 3000 feet high as measured from the Convent at the bottom to the mountain’s top. On Saturday, September 19th , 1648, Perier, with three friends of the Clermont clergy and three laymen, two Torricellian tubes, two dishes and plenty of mercury, set out for the Puy-de-Dome. At the foot they stopped at the Convent, set up both tubes, found the height of the column in each to be 28.04 inches, left out tube set up at the Convent with Father Chastin to watch it so as to see whether it changed during the day, disassembled the other tube and carried it to the top of the mountain, 3000 feet above the Convent and 4800 feet above sea-level. There they set it up again and found to their excited pleasure that the height of the mercury column was only 24.71 inches, much less than it was down below just as Pascal had hoped it would be. To make sure they took measurements in five places at the top , on one side and the other of the mountain top, inside a shelter and outside, but the column heights were all the same. Then they came down, stopping on the way to take a measurement at an intermediate altitude, where the mercury column proved to be of intermediate height (26.65 inches). Back at the Convent, Father Chastin said that the other tube had not varied during the day, and then, setting up their second tube, the climbers found that it too again measured 28.04 inches.
お礼
解説ありがとうございました。とても分かりやすかったです。