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質問

Eventually, the two opposing assaults (lines) inter-penetrated and individual American units exercised initiative and continued fighting despite being nominally behind enemy lines. Despite the revolution in Russia, fortune seemed to favor the Allies with the arrival of the Americans to France. However, these troops needed time to train before they could be combat effective. Recognizing the window of opportunity, General Ludendorff consolidated the manpower freed up from the Eastern Front to conduct Operation Michael in order to split the Allies' lines. The successes of the German Stormtroopers infiltration tactics earned Germany approximately 40 miles of territory. But the offensive lost momentum when it surpassed its supply lines. Up to this point, American General Pershing refused to hand over American divisions to either the British or French armies, insisting on keeping them together as one army. But in the face of the German onslaught, Pershing relented and sent a portion of his army to assist the French in blocking the German advance. :7–10Looking to defeat the British occupied in Flanders, Ludendorff sought to divert the Allies' French reserves away from the region. In his Operation Blucher, Ludendorff aimed some of his forces at the Chemin des Dames and took the French Sixth Army by surprise. Driving on, the Germans were soon at the Marne River, situated under 50 miles from Paris. With Marshal Ferdinand Foch unable to acquire British assistance, General Pershing's chief of operation, Colonel Fox Conner, recognized the gravity of the situation and ordered the 3rd Division to block them. :39–41 The 3rd Division occupied the main bridge on the south bank of the Marne that led in Chateau Thierry on May 31 as the French 10th Colonial Division rendezvoused with them from the north bank. The Americans positioned their machine guns to cover the French retreat, and had a unit led by Lt John Bissell situated north of the second bridge. The French spent the night adding explosives to the bridges to destroy them. Early the following morning, on June 1, the Germans advanced into Chateau Thierry from the north, forcing the French to the main bridge, which they defended with the support of American machine-gun fire. The French succeeded in destroying the bridge as the Americans kept up their fire on the Germans. Lt. Bissell's group was still on the north side of the Marne.

回答No.1

Nakay702 · ベストアンサー

＞Eventually, the two opposing assaults (lines) inter-penetrated and individual American units exercised initiative and continued fighting despite being nominally behind enemy lines. Despite the revolution in Russia, fortune seemed to favor the Allies with the arrival of the Americans to France. However, these troops needed time to train before they could be combat effective. Recognizing the window of opportunity, General Ludendorff consolidated the manpower freed up from the Eastern Front to conduct Operation Michael in order to split the Allies' lines.
⇒最終的に、2つの対立する襲撃（戦線）が相互侵入し、個々の米国軍部隊が主導力を発揮して名目上は敵戦線の背後にあるにもかかわらず戦闘を続けた。ロシアでは革命騒ぎがあったが、運気としては米国軍のフランス到着をもって連合国軍が有利に見えた。しかし、これらの軍隊が効果的に戦うには、その前に訓練する時間が必要であった。ルーデンドルフ将軍は、機会の目を見いだして連合国軍の戦線を分裂させるべく、「ミヒャエル作戦行動」を行うために東部戦線から解放された兵力を強化統合した。

＞The successes of the German Stormtroopers infiltration tactics earned Germany approximately 40 miles of territory. But the offensive lost momentum when it surpassed its supply lines. Up to this point, American General Pershing refused to hand over American divisions to either the British or French armies, insisting on keeping them together as one army. But in the face of the German onslaught, Pershing relented and sent a portion of his army to assist the French in blocking the German advance. :7–10Looking to defeat the British occupied in Flanders, Ludendorff sought to divert the Allies' French reserves away from the region.
⇒ドイツ軍突撃隊の侵攻戦術の成功によって、約40マイルの領土がドイツにもたらされた。しかし、それが供給ラインを超えた（超えて広がった）時、その勢いが失われた。これまで、米国軍のパーシング将軍は、米国軍の師団を英国軍やフランス軍のいずれかに引き渡すことを拒否し、軍隊を1個の方面軍として維持することを主張していた。しかし、ドイツ軍の猛攻撃に直面したパーシングは、ドイツ軍の進軍を阻止すべくフランス軍を支援するために軍隊の一部を派遣した。フランドルを占拠している英国軍を敗北に追い込みたいとするルーデンドルフは、連合国軍のフランス軍予備隊をそこから他所へ追い出させようとした。

＞In his Operation Blucher, Ludendorff aimed some of his forces at the Chemin des Dames and took the French Sixth Army by surprise. Driving on, the Germans were soon at the Marne River, situated under 50 miles from Paris. With Marshal Ferdinand Foch unable to acquire British assistance, General Pershing's chief of operation, Colonel Fox Conner, recognized the gravity of the situation and ordered the 3rd Division to block them. :39–41 The 3rd Division occupied the main bridge on the south bank of the Marne that led in Chateau Thierry on May 31 as the French 10th Colonial Division rendezvoused with them from the north bank.
⇒ルーデンドルフは、「ブルッヒャー作戦行動」で彼の軍団の一部にシュマン・デ・ダムを狙わせて、フランス軍第6方面軍を急襲した。ドイツ軍は、突撃するとまもなくパリから50マイルのところにあるマルヌ川に着いていた。フェルディナン・フォッシュ元帥は英国の援助を得ることができないので、パーシング将軍の作戦行動参謀長フォックス・コナー大佐は、状況の重大さを認識して第3師団にドイツ軍阻止するよう命じた。5月31日、第3師団は、フランス軍の第10植民地師団が北岸から集結同伴したので、シャトー＝ティエリに通じるマルヌ川南岸の主要橋を占拠した。

＞The Americans positioned their machine guns to cover the French retreat, and had a unit led by Lt John Bissell situated north of the second bridge. The French spent the night adding explosives to the bridges to destroy them. Early the following morning, on June 1, the Germans advanced into Chateau Thierry from the north, forcing the French to the main bridge, which they defended with the support of American machine-gun fire. The French succeeded in destroying the bridge as the Americans kept up their fire on the Germans. Lt. Bissell's group was still on the north side of the Marne.
⇒米国軍は、フランス軍の撤退を擁護するために機関銃を配置し、ジョン・ビッセル中尉率いる部隊を第2橋の北側に配置させた。フランス軍は、橋を破壊するため、夜の間に爆発物を橋に添加する作業でその夜を過ごした。翌6月1日の朝早く、ドイツ軍は北からシャトー＝ティエリに進軍してフランス軍をこの主要橋に押し込んだが、機関銃砲火による米国軍の支援を得て橋を守った。フランス軍は、米国軍がドイツ軍に砲火し続ける間に、橋を破壊することに成功した。ビッセル中尉のグループはまだマルヌ川の北側にあった。

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