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The Belgian army retirement continued on 11 and 12 October, covered by cavalry, cyclists and motor machine-gun sections. On 14 October, the Belgian army began to dig in along the Yser, the 6th and 5th divisions to the north of French territorial divisions, assembled at Boesinghe, then northwards along the Yser canal to the Fusiliers Marins at Dixmude. The 4th, 1st and 2nd divisions prolonged the line north, with advanced posts at Beerst, Keyem, Schoore and Mannekensvere, about 1 mi (1.6 km) forward on the east bank. A bridgehead was also held near the coast around Lombartzyde and Westende, to cover Nieuport, with the 2nd Cavalry Division in reserve. On 18 October, the French 87th and 89th Territorial Infantry divisions took over the defence of the front line south of Fort Knokke from the 6th Belgian division, which is moved to the Yser Front. On 21 October, the hard-pressed Belgian Army was reinforced with the French 42nd Division under command of Paul François Grossetti.
The Allies assembled a naval force under the British Admiral Horace Hood with three monitors, HMS Severn, Humber and Mersey and assorted craft to provide heavy artillery support to the Allied defenders of the seaward flank.
The German forces comprised the newly organised 4th Army, commanded by the Albrecht Duke of Württemberg, with the III Reserve Corps from Antwerp and four new reserve corps from Germany, along with cavalry and heavy artillery units. It moved southwards from Bruges and Ostend in the direction of the Yser river, to take the line from Nieuwpoort to Ypres. Diksmuide was attacked on 16 October and defended by Belgian and French troops under Colonel Alphonse Jacques who would later be awarded the title "de Dixmude" for his role in the defence of the town. Despite heavy losses, the Belgians and French held the town. The press, politicians, literary figures and the military channelled public opinion, making out that the defence of the town was both strategic and heroic.
On 18 October the German offensive began and overran Allied troops from Nieuwpoort south to Arras. The objective was to defeat the Belgian and French armies and to deprive the British of access to Calais, Boulogne and Dunkirk. The III Reserve Corps attacked Belgian defences from Diksmuide to the sea, regardless of loss. The Germans captured advanced posts at Keiem, Schoore and part of Mannekensvere and reached the Yser, despite fire support from the Anglo-French flotilla, which bombarded German troops along the coast as far as Middelkerke. The 4th Ersatz Division was forbidden to cross the Yser at Nieuwpoort because of the shell-fire from the Allied ships.

回答No.1

Nakay702 · ベストアンサー

＞The Belgian army retirement continued on 11 and 12 October, covered by cavalry, cyclists and motor machine-gun sections. On 14 October, the Belgian army began to dig in along the Yser, the 6th and 5th divisions to the north of French territorial divisions, assembled at Boesinghe, then northwards along the Yser canal to the Fusiliers Marins at Dixmude. The 4th, 1st and 2nd divisions prolonged the line north, with advanced posts at Beerst, Keyem, Schoore and Mannekensvere, about 1 mi (1.6 km) forward on the east bank. A bridgehead was also held near the coast around Lombartzyde and Westende, to cover Nieuport, with the 2nd Cavalry Division in reserve.
⇒ベルギー方面軍の退脚は、騎兵隊、自転車隊、そして自動車機関銃部隊の援護を受けて10月11日、12日と続いた。10月14日に、ベルギー軍はイゼール運河および第6、第5師団（駐屯地）に沿って、フランス領土師団の北まで突き進んでボエシンゲに集まり、その後イゼール運河に沿って北上してディクスムードの火打石銃兵水夫隊のところで集結した。第4、第1、第2師団は北戦線を延長して、東岸の1.6マイル先までのベールスト、ケィエム、ショーレ、マネケンスベーレに哨戒陣地を置いた。また、ニューポートを擁護するために、ロンバルツィドおよびウェステンデ周辺の海岸近くで橋頭堡を保持した。

＞On 18 October, the French 87th and 89th Territorial Infantry divisions took over the defence of the front line south of Fort Knokke from the 6th Belgian division, which is moved to the Yser Front. On 21 October, the hard-pressed Belgian Army was reinforced with the French 42nd Division under command of Paul François Grossetti.
　The Allies assembled a naval force under the British Admiral Horace Hood with three monitors, HMS Severn, Humber and Mersey and assorted craft to provide heavy artillery support to the Allied defenders of the seaward flank.
⇒10月18日、フランス軍の第87、第89領土歩兵隊師団が、第6ベルギー師団からクノッケ砦の南の前線防御を引き継いだ。10月21日、強圧されたベルギー方面軍が、ポール・フランソワ・グロセッティの指揮するフランス第42師団から強化を受けた。
　連合国軍は3隻のモニター艦、HMSセバーン号、ハンバー号、およびマーシー号をもって、英国提督ホレイス・フッドの下で海軍部隊を編成し、そして連合国軍の海側面の守備隊を支援するために重砲撃を提供できる船舶隊を組立てた。

＞The German forces comprised the newly organised 4th Army, commanded by the Albrecht Duke of Württemberg, with the III Reserve Corps from Antwerp and four new reserve corps from Germany, along with cavalry and heavy artillery units. It moved southwards from Bruges and Ostend in the direction of the Yser river, to take the line from Nieuwpoort to Ypres. Diksmuide was attacked on 16 October and defended by Belgian and French troops under Colonel Alphonse Jacques who would later be awarded the title "de Dixmude" for his role in the defence of the town. Despite heavy losses, the Belgians and French held the town. The press, politicians, literary figures and the military channelled public opinion, making out that the defence of the town was both strategic and heroic.
⇒ドイツ軍団は、アントワープからの第3予備軍団、ドイツからの新しい4個予備軍団、それと騎兵隊および重砲兵部隊などから、ヴュルテンベルクのアルブレヒト公爵が指揮する新組織の第4方面軍を編成した。それは、ニューポートからイープルへの戦線を取るためにブルージュとオステンドからイゼール川の方向へ南下した。ディクスムードは10月16日に攻撃されたが、アルフォンス・ジャック大佐の下でベルギー・フランス（合同）軍によって守られたので、後に町の防衛に果した役割を称えて、彼は「ド・ディクスムード」という（貴族）称号を授与されることになった。多額の損失にもかかわらず、ベルギー軍とフランス軍は町を保持した。報道機関、政治家、文学者および軍は世論を導き、町の防衛隊が戦略的に優れ、英雄的であったことを明らかにした。

＞On 18 October the German offensive began and overran Allied troops from Nieuwpoort south to Arras. The objective was to defeat the Belgian and French armies and to deprive the British of access to Calais, Boulogne and Dunkirk. The III Reserve Corps attacked Belgian defences from Diksmuide to the sea, regardless of loss. The Germans captured advanced posts at Keiem, Schoore and part of Mannekensvere and reached the Yser, despite fire support from the Anglo-French flotilla, which bombarded German troops along the coast as far as Middelkerke. The 4th Ersatz Division was forbidden to cross the Yser at Nieuwpoort because of the shell-fire from the Allied ships.
⇒10月18日、ドイツ軍の攻撃が始まり、ニューポートから南のアラスにかけて布陣する連合国軍を蹂躙した。目的は、ベルギー・フランス方面軍を倒し、英国軍からカレー、ブローニュ、ダンキルクへのアクセス権を奪うことであった。第III予備軍団は、損失に関係なくディクスムイドから海までのベルギー防衛軍を攻撃した。ドイツ軍はケィエム、ショーレ、およびマネケンスベーレの一部で前衛の哨戒陣地を攻略し、ミデルケルケまでの沿岸でドイツ軍を爆撃する仏英軍小隊からの射撃支援にもかかわらずイゼールに到達した。連合国軍船舶隊の砲火のため、第4エルサッツ師団はニューポートでイゼールを横断することは許されなかった。

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