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It has often been said that creativity in artistsand writers can be associated with living in foreign regions.Rudyard Kipling, Pablo Picasso, Paul Gauguin, Samuel Bekett and others spent years dwelling abroad.Now psychologists have finally proved that there is indeed a link.
A recent study was conducted in which reseachers presented 155 American business students and 55 foreign ones studying in America with a test used by psychologists as a measure of creativity.Given a candle, some matches and a box of thumb tacks, the students were asked to attach the candle to a cardboard wall so that no wax would drip on the floor, when the candle was lit.(The solution is to use the box as a candleholder and fix it to the wall with the thumb tacks.)They found that 60% of students who were either living abroad or had spent some time doing so, solved the problem, whereas only 42% of those who had not lived abroad did so.
A follow-up study with 72 Americans and 36 foreigners explored their creative negotiating skills.Pairs of students were asked to participate in a role-playing activity.The first student played the role of a seller of a petrol station who then needed to get a job.The second student played a buyer of that same petrolstation who would then need to hire staff to run his new business.Before starting, the reseachers told the buyer how much money he could spend and told the seller the least amount he would be willing to accept.The two were likely to reach an impasse because the highest price the buyer could afford was less than the sellers minimum selling price.Nevertheless, where both negotiators had lived abroad, 70% struck a deal in which the seller was offered a management job at the petrol station in return for a lower asking price.when neither of the negotiators had lived abroad, none was able to reach a deal.
To check that they had not merely discovered that creative people are more likely to choose to live abroad, the reseachers identified and measured personal characteristics - such as self-confidence, risk-talking and openness to new experience - that are associated withcreativity.They then made adjustments in their data to cancel out such factors of personality.But even then, the statistical relationship between living abroad and creativity (6), indicating that it is something about the experience of living in foreign parts that helps foster creativity.
Merely traveling abroad, however, was not enough. (7) (there, have, you, live, to, do).Packing your beach towel and suntan lotion will not, by itself, make you Hemingway.
(6) 1.became insignificant 2. disappeared 3. remained 4. strengthened
お礼
御回答ありがとうございました。分野がちがうかなと思ったのですが、 日本語だとどういうかわからなかったものですから。参考になりました。