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質問

A third offensive launched in May against the French between Soissons and Reims, known as the Third Battle of the Aisne, saw the Germans reach the north bank of the Marne River at Château-Thierry, 95 kilometres (59 mi) from Paris, on 27 May. On 31 May, the 3rd Division held the German advance at Château-Thierry and the German advance turned right towards Vaux and Belleau Wood.
On 1 June, Château-Thierry and Vaux fell, and German troops moved into Belleau Wood. The U.S. 2nd Division—which included a brigade of U.S. Marines—was brought up along the Paris-Metz highway. The 9th Infantry Regiment was placed between the highway and the Marne, while the 6th Marine Regiment was deployed to their left. The 5th Marine and 23rd Infantry regiments were placed in reserve. On the evening of 1 June, German forces punched a hole in the French lines to the left of the Marines' position. In response, the U.S. reserve—consisting of the 23rd Infantry Regiment, the 1st Battalion, 5th Marines, and an element of the 6th Machine Gun Battalion—conducted a forced march over 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) to plug the gap in the line, which they achieved by dawn. By the night of 2 June, the U.S. forces held a 20 kilometres (12 mi) front line north of the Paris-Metz Highway running through grain fields and scattered woods, from Triangle Farm west to Lucy and then north to Hill 142. The German line opposite ran from Vaux to Bouresches to Belleau. German commanders ordered an advance on Marigny and Lucy through Belleau Wood as part of a major offensive, in which other German troops would cross the Marne River. The commander of the Marine Brigade, Army General James Harbord, countermanding a French order to dig trenches further to the rear, ordered the Marines to "hold where they stand". With bayonets, the Marines dug shallow fighting positions from which they could fight from the prone position. In the afternoon of 3 June, German infantry attacked the Marine positions through the grain fields with bayonets fixed. The Marines waited until the Germans were within 100 yd (91 m) before opening deadly rifle fire which mowed down waves of German infantry and forced the survivors to retreat into the woods.
Having suffered heavy casualties, the Germans dug in along a defensive line from Hill 204, just east of Vaux, to Le Thiolet on the Paris-Metz Highway and northward through Belleau Wood to Torcy.

回答No.1

Nakay702 · ベストアンサー

＞A third offensive launched in May against the French between Soissons and Reims, known as the Third Battle of the Aisne, saw the Germans reach the north bank of the Marne River at Château-Thierry, 95 kilometres (59 mi) from Paris, on 27 May. On 31 May, the 3rd Division held the German advance at Château-Thierry and the German advance turned right towards Vaux and Belleau Wood.
⇒ソワソンとランスの間のフランス軍に対する第3回目の攻撃が5月に始まった。これが「第3次エーヌの戦い」として知られるもので、5月27日、ドイツ軍がパリから95キロ（59マイル）のシャトー=ティエリーにあるマルヌ川の北岸に到達する状況に至った。5月31日、第3師団がドイツ軍の進軍をシャトー=ティエリーで抑えたので、ドイツ軍の進軍隊はヴォーやベロー・ウッドに向かって右に旋回した。

＞On 1 June, Château-Thierry and Vaux fell, and German troops moved into Belleau Wood. The U.S. 2nd Division—which included a brigade of U.S. Marines—was brought up along the Paris-Metz highway. The 9th Infantry Regiment was placed between the highway and the Marne, while the 6th Marine Regiment was deployed to their left. The 5th Marine and 23rd Infantry regiments were placed in reserve. On the evening of 1 June, German forces punched a hole in the French lines to the left of the Marines' position. In response, the U.S. reserve—consisting of the 23rd Infantry Regiment, the 1st Battalion, 5th Marines, and an element of the 6th Machine Gun Battalion—conducted a forced march over 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) to plug the gap in the line, which they achieved by dawn.
⇒6月1日、シャトー・ティエリーとヴォーが陥落したので、ドイツ軍はベロー・ウッドに移った。米国軍第２師団 ―海兵隊を含む― がパリ=メッツ高速道に沿って配置された。第9歩兵連隊は高速道路とマルヌの間に布陣し、第6海兵連隊は左翼に展開した。第5海兵隊と第23歩兵連隊は予備軍として配備された。6月1日の夜、ドイツ軍は海兵隊員の陣地左側にあるフランス軍の戦線に穴を開けた。これに対応して、米国軍予備隊 ―第23歩兵連隊、第1大隊、第5海兵隊、第6機関銃大隊の要員から成る― が、10キロ（6.2マイル）を超える行軍を強行し、明け方までに間隙を埋めることに成功した。

＞By the night of 2 June, the U.S. forces held a 20 kilometres (12 mi) front line north of the Paris-Metz Highway running through grain fields and scattered woods, from Triangle Farm west to Lucy and then north to Hill 142. The German line opposite ran from Vaux to Bouresches to Belleau. German commanders ordered an advance on Marigny and Lucy through Belleau Wood as part of a major offensive, in which other German troops would cross the Marne River. The commander of the Marine Brigade, Army General James Harbord, countermanding a French order to dig trenches further to the rear, ordered the Marines to "hold where they stand".
⇒6月2日の夜、米国軍はパリ・メッツ高速道路の北に20キロ（12マイル）の前線を掌握したが、それはトライアングル農場の西からルーシーへ、そして北へ向って142番ヒルまで穀物畑や散在する森林を通り抜けていた。ドイツ軍の戦線は反対にヴォーからブルシェ、ベローまで走っていた。ドイツ軍の指揮官らは、他のドイツ軍がマルヌ川を渡る大規模な攻撃の一環として、ベロー・ウッドを通ってマリニーとルーシーを進軍するよう命じた。海兵旅団の指揮官ジェームス・ハーバード将軍は、もっと後衛部に塹壕を掘るようにというフランス軍の命令に逆らって、海兵隊員に「自分の持ち場を保持する」よう命じた。

＞With bayonets, the Marines dug shallow fighting positions from which they could fight from the prone position. In the afternoon of 3 June, German infantry attacked the Marine positions through the grain fields with bayonets fixed. The Marines waited until the Germans were within 100 yd (91 m) before opening deadly rifle fire which mowed down waves of German infantry and forced the survivors to retreat into the woods.
　Having suffered heavy casualties, the Germans dug in along a defensive line from Hill 204, just east of Vaux, to Le Thiolet on the Paris-Metz Highway and northward through Belleau Wood to Torcy.
⇒海兵隊員らが銃剣隊とともに、敗れやすい陣地から戦うことになるような浅い塹壕の戦闘陣地を掘った。6月3日の午後、ドイツ軍の歩兵隊は、銃剣隊のはり付いた穀物畑を通じて海兵隊員を攻撃した。海兵隊員はドイツ軍が100ヤード（91m）以内に来るまで待ってから、熾烈な射撃でドイツ軍歩兵隊の波をなぎ倒し、生存者を森に退却させた。
　甚大な犠牲者に苦しんだドイツ軍は、ヴォー真東の丘陵204番ヒルからパリ・メッツ高速道路のル・ティオレへ向かい、ベロー・ウッドを通って北のトルシーへ向かう守備線に沿って塹壕を掘った。

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