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質問

The Germans were able to drive the three British brigades back to the black line with 70 percent losses, where the counter-attack was stopped by mud, artillery and machine-gun fire.

Capture of Westhoek
II Corps attacked again on 10 August, to capture the rest of the black line (second objective) on the Gheluvelt plateau. The advance succeeded but German artillery fire and infantry counter-attacks isolated the infantry of the 18th Division, which had captured Glencorse Wood. At about 7:00 p.m., German infantry attacked behind a smokescreen and recaptured all but the north-west corner of the wood, only the 25th Division gains on Westhoek Ridge being held. Albrecht von Thaer, Staff Officer at Group Wytshchate, noted that casualties after 14 days in the line averaged 1,500–2,000 men, compared to the Somme 1916 average of 4,000 men and that German troop morale was higher than in 1916.

Capture of Oppy Wood and Battle of Hill 70
Attacks to threaten Lens and Lille were to be made by the First Army in late June near Gavrelle and Oppy, along the Souchez river against a German salient between Avion and the west end of Lens, to take reservoir Hill (Hill 65) and Hill 70. The attacks were conducted earlier than planned to use heavy and siege artillery before it was transferred to Ypres, the Souchez operation being cut back and the attack on Hill 70 postponed. The Battle of Hill 70, 30 mi (48 km) south of Ypres, eventually took place from (15–25 August). The Canadian Corps fought five divisions of the German 6th Army in the operation postponed from July. The capture of Hill 70 was a costly success in which three Canadian divisions inflicted many casualties on five German divisions and pinned down troops reserved for the relief of tired divisions on the Flanders front. Hermann von Kuhl, chief of staff of Army Group Crown Prince Rupprecht wrote later that it was a costly defeat and wrecked the plan for relieving divisions which had been fought-out (exhausted) in Flanders.

回答No.1

Nakay702 · ベストアンサー

＞Germans were able to drive the three British brigades back to the black line with 70 percent losses, where the counter-attack was stopped by mud, artillery and machine-gun fire.
⇒ドイツ人軍は70％の損失で英国軍の3個旅団を黒の戦線に追い返すことができたが、反撃は泥地と大砲や機関銃の砲火によってそこで食い止められた。

＞Capture of Westhoek
II Corps attacked again on 10 August, to capture the rest of the black line (second objective) on the Gheluvelt plateau. The advance succeeded but German artillery fire and infantry counter-attacks isolated the infantry of the 18th Division, which had captured Glencorse Wood. At about 7:00 p.m., German infantry attacked behind a smokescreen and recaptured all but the north-west corner of the wood, only the 25th Division gains on Westhoek Ridge being held. Albrecht von Thaer, Staff Officer at Group Wytshchate, noted that casualties after 14 days in the line averaged 1,500–2,000 men, compared to the Somme 1916 average of 4,000 men and that German troop morale was higher than in 1916.
⇒「ウェストホークの攻略」
第II部隊は8月10日に再び攻撃して、ゲルヴェルト台地の黒の戦線（第2標的）の残りを攻略した。進軍は成功したが、ドイツ軍砲兵隊の砲火と歩兵連隊の反撃によって第18師団の歩兵連隊は孤立し、グレンコース・ウッドを占拠された。午後7時頃に、ドイツ軍歩兵連隊は煙幕の背後で攻撃して、森の北西の片隅以外はすべて奪還した。それで、第25師団の確保するウェストホーク・リッジだけが辛うじて保持された。グループ・ウィッツチャテの参謀将校アルブレヒト・フォン・テーアは、戦線で14日間戦った後の犠牲者が平均1,500–2,000人で、ソンム1916年（の戦い）での平均4,000人と比べてドイツ軍隊の士気が1916年よりも高かった点を注記した。

＞Capture of Oppy Wood and Battle of Hill 70
Attacks to threaten Lens and Lille were to be made by the First Army in late June near Gavrelle and Oppy, along the Souchez river against a German salient between Avion and the west end of Lens, to take reservoir Hill (Hill 65) and Hill 70. The attacks were conducted earlier than planned to use heavy and siege artillery before it was transferred to Ypres, the Souchez operation being cut back and the attack on Hill 70 postponed.
⇒「オピー・ウッドの攻略」と「70番ヒルの戦い」
レンズやリールを脅かす攻撃は、貯水池ヒル（65番ヒル）と70番ヒルを奪取するために、スーチェ川に沿ったガヴレーユとオピーの近くで、アヴィオンとレンズ西端の間のドイツ軍突出部に対して、6月下旬に第1方面軍によって行われることになっていた。攻撃は、重砲と包囲用大砲を使うためにそれがイープルへ動かされる前に、つまり、予定以前に実行されたので、スーチェ作戦活動は削減され、70番ヒルへの攻撃は延期された。

＞The Battle of Hill 70, 30 mi (48 km) south of Ypres, eventually took place from (15–25 August). The Canadian Corps fought five divisions of the German 6th Army in the operation postponed from July. The capture of Hill 70 was a costly success in which three Canadian divisions inflicted many casualties on five German divisions and pinned down troops reserved for the relief of tired divisions on the Flanders front. Hermann von Kuhl, chief of staff of Army Group Crown Prince Rupprecht wrote later that it was a costly defeat and wrecked the plan for relieving divisions which had been fought-out (exhausted) in Flanders.
⇒イープルの30マイル（48キロ）南の「70番ヒルの戦い」は、結局は、起こった（8月15–25日）。カナダ部隊は7月から延期された作戦行動において、ドイツ第6方面軍の5個師団と戦った。70番ヒルの攻略は、カナダ軍の3個師団がドイツ軍5個師団に多くの犠牲者を課して、フランドル前線で疲弊した師団の救済のために予定されていた軍隊を足止めしたが、高くつく成功であった。ヘルマン・フォン・キュール、方面軍グループの参謀長ルプレヒト皇太子は、後になって、その戦いは高くついた敗北であったが、それはフランドルで戦いきった（消耗しきった）師団を救援する計画が頓挫してしまったからである、と書いた。

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