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質問

Chilembwe also sought support for his uprising from the German forces in German East Africa, on Nyasaland's far northern border, hoping that a German offensive from the north combined with a native insurrection in the south might force the British out of Nyasaland permanently. On 24 January, he sent a letter to the German Governor by courier through Portuguese East Africa. The courier was intercepted and the letter was never received. During the latter stages of the East African Campaign, after the German invasion of Portuguese East Africa, the German colonial army actually helped to suppress anti-Portuguese rebellions, among the Makombe and Barue peoples, worrying that African uprisings would destabilise the colonial order. The major action of the Chilembwe uprising involved an attack on the Bruce plantation at Magomero. The plantation spanned about 5,000 acres (2,000 ha) and grew both cotton and tobacco. Around 5,000 locals worked on it as part of their thangata obligations. The plantation had a reputation locally for the poor treatment of its workers and for the brutality of its managers, who closed local schools, beat their workers and paid them less than had been promised. Their burning of Chilembwe's church in November 1913 created a personal animosity with the rebel leadership. The insurgents launched two roughly concurrent attacks—one group targeted Magomero, the plantation headquarters and home of the main manager William Jervis Livingstone and a few other white staff, while a second assaulted the plantation-owned village of Mwanje, where there were two white households. The rebels moved into Magomero in the early evening, while Livingstone and his wife were entertaining some dinner guests. The estate official, Duncan MacCormick, was in another house nearby. A third building, occupied by Emily Stanton, Alyce Roach and five children, contained a small cache of weapons and ammunition belonging to the local rifle club. The insurgents quietly broke into the Livingstone's house and injured him during hand-to-hand fighting, prompting him to take refuge in the bedroom, where his wife attempted to treat his wounds. The rebels forced their way into the bedroom, and after capturing his wife, decapitated Livingstone. MacCormick, who had been alerted, was killed by a rebel spear. The attackers took the women and children of the village prisoner but shortly released them unhurt, having reportedly treated them well. It has been suggested that Chilembwe may have hoped to use the women and children as hostages, but this remains unclear.

回答No.1

Nakay702 · ベストアンサー

＞Chilembwe also sought support for his uprising from the German forces in German East Africa, on Nyasaland's far northern border, hoping that a German offensive from the north combined with a native insurrection in the south might force the British out of Nyasaland permanently. On 24 January, he sent a letter to the German Governor by courier through Portuguese East Africa. The courier was intercepted and the letter was never received. During the latter stages of the East African Campaign, after the German invasion of Portuguese East Africa, the German colonial army actually helped to suppress anti-Portuguese rebellions, among the Makombe and Barue peoples, worrying that African uprisings would destabilise the colonial order.
⇒チレンブエはまた、北方からのドイツの攻勢が南方の土着の反乱と組み合わさって、英国軍を永久にニヤサランドから追い出すことを望んで、彼の蜂起に対するドイツ領東アフリカのドイツ軍からの支援を求めた。1月24日に、彼はポルトガル領東アフリカの外交特使を通じてドイツ総督に手紙を送った。（しかし）特使は妨害され、手紙は届かなかった。東アフリカ野戦の後半段階では、ドイツ軍のポルトガル領東アフリカ侵攻後、ドイツ植民地軍は実際にはアフリカの蜂起が植民地秩序を不安定化することを心配して、マコンベとバルエの人々の間で起こった反ポルトガル反乱の抑制を助けた。

＞The major action of the Chilembwe uprising involved an attack on the Bruce plantation at Magomero. The plantation spanned about 5,000 acres (2,000 ha) and grew both cotton and tobacco. Around 5,000 locals worked on it as part of their thangata obligations. The plantation had a reputation locally for the poor treatment of its workers and for the brutality of its managers, who closed local schools, beat their workers and paid them less than had been promised. Their burning of Chilembwe's church in November 1913 created a personal animosity with the rebel leadership.
⇒チレンブエ蜂起の主要な行動には、マゴメロのブルース農園への攻撃が含まれていた。農園は約5,000エーカー（2,000ヘクタール）に及び、綿とタバコの両方を栽培していた。約5,000人の地元の人々が、タンガタ協定義務の一環としてそれに取り組んでいた。農園は、地元の学校を閉鎖し、労働者を傷めつけ、約束されたよりも少ない賃金しか支払わなかった管理人の残虐行為と、労働者に対する待遇のひどさが地元でうわさになっていた。1913年11月にチレンブエの教会を焼いたことで、反乱軍の指導者との個人的な敵対意識が生まれた。

＞The insurgents launched two roughly concurrent attacks—one group targeted Magomero, the plantation headquarters and home of the main manager William Jervis Livingstone and a few other white staff, while a second assaulted the plantation-owned village of Mwanje, where there were two white households. The rebels moved into Magomero in the early evening, while Livingstone and his wife were entertaining some dinner guests. The estate official, Duncan MacCormick, was in another house nearby. A third building, occupied by Emily Stanton, Alyce Roach and five children, contained a small cache of weapons and ammunition belonging to the local rifle club.
⇒反乱軍は、ほぼ同時に2つの攻撃を開始した。1つのグループは、マゴメロ、農園本部、主要管理人のウィリアム・ジャービス・リビングストンと、他の数人の白人スタッフを標的とし、2番目のグループは白人所有農園が2か所ある村ムワンジェを襲撃した。反乱軍は夕方にマゴメロに移動したが、それはリビングストンと彼の妻が夕食の客をもてなしている時であった。不動産業者のダンカン・マコーミックは近くの別の家にいた。エミリー・スタントン、アリス・ローチ、それと5人の子供がいる3番目の建物には、地元のライフルクラブに所属する武器と弾薬の小さな貯蔵庫が含まれていた。

＞The insurgents quietly broke into the Livingstone's house and injured him during hand-to-hand fighting, prompting him to take refuge in the bedroom, where his wife attempted to treat his wounds. The rebels forced their way into the bedroom, and after capturing his wife, decapitated Livingstone. MacCormick, who had been alerted, was killed by a rebel spear. The attackers took the women and children of the village prisoner but shortly released them unhurt, having reportedly treated them well. It has been suggested that Chilembwe may have hoped to use the women and children as hostages, but this remains unclear.
⇒反乱軍はリビングストンの家に静かに侵入し、白兵戦で彼を負傷させて寝室に避難するよう促し、そこで妻が彼の傷を治療しようとした。反乱軍は寝室に押し入り、妻を捕らえた後、リビングストンを斬首した。マコーミックは、警戒していたが、反乱軍の槍で殺された。攻撃隊は村の囚人の女性と子供を連行したが、すぐに無傷のまま解放した。扱いは丁寧だったと伝えられている。チレンブエが女性と子供を人質として利用することを望んでいた可能性が示唆されているが、これは不明のままである。

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