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質問

The German counterattack had shattered so much of the 35th Division—a poorly led division, most of whose key leaders had been replaced shortly before the attack, made up of National Guard units from Missouri and Kansas—that it had to be relieved early, though remnants of the division subsequently reentered the battle. Part of the adjacent French attack met temporary confusion when one of its generals died. However, it was able to advance 15 km (9 mi), penetrating deeply into the German lines, especially around Somme-Py (the Battle of Somme-Py (French: Bataille de Somme-Py)) and northwest of Reims (the Battle of Saint-Thierry (French: Bataille de Saint-Thierry)). The initial progress of the French forces was thus faster than the 3 to 8 km (2 to 5 mi) gained by the adjacent American units, though the French units were fighting in a more open terrain, which is an easier terrain from which to attack.
Second Phase (October 4 – 28, 1918)
The second phase of the battle began on October 4, during which time all of the original phase one assault divisions (the 91st, 79th, 37th and 35th) of the U.S. V Corps were replaced by the 32nd, 3rd and 1st Divisions. The 1st Division created a gap in the lines when it advanced 2.5 km (1.6 mi) against the 37th, 52nd, and 5th Guards Divisions. It was during this phase that the Lost Battalion affair occurred. The battalion was rescued due to an attack by the 28th and 82nd Divisions (the 82nd attacking soon after taking up its positions in the gap between the 28th and 1st Divisions) on October 7. The Americans launched a series of costly frontal assaults that finally broke through the main German defenses (the Kriemhilde Stellung of the Hindenburg Line) between October 14–17 (the Battle of Montfaucon (French: Bataille de Montfaucon)). By the end of October, U.S. troops had advanced ten miles and had finally cleared the Argonne Forest. On their left the French had advanced twenty miles, reaching the Aisne River. It was during the opening of this operation, on October 8, that Corporal (later Sergeant) Alvin York made his famous capture of 132 German prisoners near Cornay.
Third Phase (October 28 – November 11, 1918)
By October 31, the Americans had advanced 15 km (9.3 mi) and had finally cleared the Argonne Forest. On their left the French had advanced 30 km (19 mi), reaching the River Aisne. The American forces reorganized into two armies.

回答No.1

Nakay702 · ベストアンサー

＞The German counterattack had shattered so much of the 35th Division—a poorly led division, most of whose key leaders had been replaced shortly before the attack, made up of National Guard units from Missouri and Kansas—that it had to be relieved early, though remnants of the division subsequently reentered the battle. Part of the adjacent French attack met temporary confusion when one of its generals died. However, it was able to advance 15 km (9 mi), penetrating deeply into the German lines, especially around Somme-Py (the Battle of Somme-Py (French: Bataille de Somme-Py)) and northwest of Reims (the Battle of Saint-Thierry (French: Bataille de Saint-Thierry)). The initial progress of the French forces was thus faster than the 3 to 8 km (2 to 5 mi) gained by the adjacent American units, though the French units were fighting in a more open terrain, which is an easier terrain from which to attack.
⇒ドイツ軍の反撃は、第35師団―主導部が貧弱な師団で、攻撃の直前に主要指導者の大部分が交替し、ミズーリ州とカンザス州の国家防衛部隊で構成されていた―の大部分を粉砕した。それで、この師団は早期の救援を求められていたが、結局師団の残り兵らが戦闘に再投入された。隣接するフランス軍の攻撃の一部は、将軍の1人が死亡したときに一時的な混乱に遭遇した。しかし、それでも15キロ（9マイル）の進軍ができたので、ドイツ軍戦線に深く浸透した。特に、ソンム=ピーの周辺（「ソンム=ピーの戦い」〈フランス語：Bataille de Somme-Py〉）とランスの北西（「サン=ティエリーの戦い」〈フランス語：Bataille de Saint-Thierry〉）に深く浸透していった。したがって、フランス軍団の当初の進展は、隣接する米国軍部隊が獲得した3～8km（2～5マイル）よりも速かった。ただし、フランス軍部隊は、より開放的な地形で戦っていたので、そこから攻撃に打って出るのはより容易ではあった。

＞　Second Phase (October 4 – 28, 1918)
　The second phase of the battle began on October 4, during which time all of the original phase one assault divisions (the 91st, 79th, 37th and 35th) of the U.S. V Corps were replaced by the 32nd, 3rd and 1st Divisions. The 1st Division created a gap in the lines when it advanced 2.5 km (1.6 mi) against the 37th, 52nd, and 5th Guards Divisions. It was during this phase that the Lost Battalion affair occurred. The battalion was rescued due to an attack by the 28th and 82nd Divisions (the 82nd attacking soon after taking up its positions in the gap between the 28th and 1st Divisions) on October 7. The Americans launched a series of costly frontal assaults that finally broke through the main German defenses (the Kriemhilde Stellung of the Hindenburg Line) between October 14–17 (the Battle of Montfaucon (French: Bataille de Montfaucon)).
⇒第2段階（1918年10月4日～28日）
　戦闘の第2段階は10月4日に始まり、その間に米国第V軍団による第1段階の襲撃師団（第91、第79、第37、および第35師団）が、第32、第3、および第1師団に置き換えられた。第1師団は、（敵軍）第37、第52、第5護衛師団に対して2.5キロ（1.6マイル）進んだときに、隙間を作った。ロスト大隊事件が発生したのはこの段階の間だった。しかし、その大隊は10月7日、第28、第82師団の攻撃（第28師団と第1師団間の隙間にあった陣地を奪取した直後の、第82師団の攻撃）によって救われた。米国軍は、一連の前線攻撃を開始して多くの犠牲を伴ったが、最終的に10月14日～17日の間にドイツ軍の主要防衛線（ヒンデンブルク線のクライムヒルデ陣地）を突破した（「モンフォコンの戦い」〈フランス語：Bataille de Montfaucon〉）。

＞By the end of October, U.S. troops had advanced ten miles and had finally cleared the Argonne Forest. On their left the French had advanced twenty miles, reaching the Aisne River. It was during the opening of this operation, on October 8, that Corporal (later Sergeant) Alvin York made his famous capture of 132 German prisoners near Cornay.
　Third Phase (October 28 – November 11, 1918)
　By October 31, the Americans had advanced 15 km (9.3 mi) and had finally cleared the Argonne Forest. On their left the French had advanced 30 km (19 mi), reaching the River Aisne. The American forces reorganized into two armies.
⇒米国軍は、10月の終わりまでに10マイルを進軍し、最終的にアルゴンヌ森を掃討した。彼らの左側では、フランス軍が20マイル進んでエーヌ川に到達した。10月8日、アルヴァン・ヨーク軍曹（後に曹長）がコルネイ近くで132人のドイツ軍捕虜を捕縛して有名になったが、それはこの作戦行動の開始時であった。
　第3段階（1918年10月28日～11月11日）
　米国軍は、10月31日までに15キロ（9.3マイル）進軍して、アルゴンヌ森を最終的に一掃した。彼らの左側では、フランス軍が30キロ（19マイル）進軍してエーヌ川に到達した。米国軍団は、2個の方面軍に再編成された。
※このあたり、（視点や数値などはわずかに異なりますが）反復が認められます。

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