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質問

While the British had failed to finally crush the Schutztruppe, they had inflicted heavy casualties on the Germans, though the actual number of losses is disputed. Lettow-Vorbeck claimed that he had lost 29 killed, 27 wounded, 34 missing, and 5 captured, while British claims are around 222 killed, missing or captured, of whom 22-26 were Whites. These differences may stem from the Germans not counting non-combatants such as medical personnel as casualties. Regardless of the exact numbers, several of the Schutztruppe's irreplacable senior officers and NCOs were killed, captured or wounded, which was a heavy blow. The Germans had also failed in taking Lioma and thus could not replenish their supplies; instead, they had lost 50.000 rounds of ammunition, crucial medical stores, and around 200 carriers, who had been scattered in course of the battle. Miller judged that "the Germans had been more than bruised at Lioma; but for the almost total disorder and confusion [on both sides] that marked the two-day action, they would have been wiped out." Edward Paice calls the battle of Lioma a "narrow escape" for the Germans. Taken together with their casualties during the Battle of Pere Hills, another "near thing" soon after Lioma, Lettow-Vorbeck's forces lost 15% of their combat strength. Many of those wounded at Lioma did not recover enough to be combat-ready again; among them was Göring. Furthermore, a lung epidemic broke out among the Schutztruppe in September 1918, further reducing the Germans' manpower and undermining their morale. Many of the surviving white Germans increasingly began to question Lettow-Vorbeck's intention to continue fighting for what they perceived as lost cause. Nevertheless, the Schutztruppe did not surrender, and resumed their march northwards. After Pere Hills, it travelled the remaining distance to German East Africa largely unopposed, and would, albeit greatly reduced in strength and numbers, continue to stay in action until the end of the war.
For the British, Lioma had been "the best chance [...] to inflict a decisive defeat upon the Schutztruppe". Lt-Col Giffard subsequently attributed the failure to encircle the Germans to the difficult communications between the British units and the missing information about enemy troop movements, this being "the difficulty which is always the same in the Bush of getting information accurately and quickly". The British casualties at Lioma were mostly unreported; it is only known that 1/1st KAR suffered 32 killed, 59 wounded, and 15 missing. After the battle four Distinguished Conduct Medals were awarded to European, and seven African Distinguished Conduct Medals to African soldiers of the 1/1st and 1/2nd KAR for gallantry, while the Distinguished Service Order was awarded to the commanders of 1/1st KAR (Alexander Charles Masters), 1/2 KAR (Edward Beckford Bevan) and 3/2 KAR (Charles George Phillips).

回答No.2

Nakay702 · ベストアンサー

（その２）
＞Many of those wounded at Lioma did not recover enough to be combat-ready again; among them was Göring. Furthermore, a lung epidemic broke out among the Schutztruppe in September 1918, further reducing the Germans' manpower and undermining their morale. Many of the surviving white Germans increasingly began to question Lettow-Vorbeck's intention to continue fighting for what they perceived as lost cause. Nevertheless, the Schutztruppe did not surrender, and resumed their march northwards. After Pere Hills, it travelled the remaining distance to German East Africa largely unopposed, and would, albeit greatly reduced in strength and numbers, continue to stay in action until the end of the war.
⇒リオマで負傷した人々の多くは、戦闘準備ができたと言えるほどに回復してはいなかった。その中にはゲーリングがいた。さらに、1918年9月、植民地保護隊で肺結核が発生し、ドイツ軍の軍勢がさらに低下し、士気が損なわれた。生き残った白人ドイツ軍の多くは、喪失の理由として認識していたことを求めてレトウ=フォルベックが戦い続けようとする意図にますます疑問を抱き始めた。それにもかかわらず植民地保護隊は降伏もせず、北への行進を再開した。ペレ・ヒルズ戦の後、隊はドイツ領東アフリカへ向ってまったく闘う相手もいないような道のりをだらだらと旅し、軍力と軍勢が大幅に減ったにもかかわらず、戦争が終わるまでその行動を続けた。
※このあたりの2, 3段落は誤訳があるかも知れませんが、その節はどうぞ悪しからず。

＞For the British, Lioma had been "the best chance [...] to inflict a decisive defeat upon the Schutztruppe". Lt-Col Giffard subsequently attributed the failure to encircle the Germans to the difficult communications between the British units and the missing information about enemy troop movements, this being "the difficulty which is always the same in the Bush of getting information accurately and quickly". The British casualties at Lioma were mostly unreported; it is only known that 1/1st KAR suffered 32 killed, 59 wounded, and 15 missing. After the battle four Distinguished Conduct Medals were awarded to European, and seven African Distinguished Conduct Medals to African soldiers of the 1/1st and 1/2nd KAR for gallantry, while the Distinguished Service Order was awarded to the commanders of 1/1st KAR (Alexander Charles Masters), 1/2 KAR (Edward Beckford Bevan) and 3/2 KAR (Charles George Phillips).
⇒英国軍にとって、リオマは「植民地保護隊に決定的な敗北を与え、〔…する〕最高の好機であった」。続いて、ジファード中佐は、ドイツ軍を包囲できなかったことは英国軍部隊間の困難な通信、および敵軍の移動に関する情報の喪失に起因したが、これは「常に未開の奥地において正確かつ迅速に情報を入手するのと同じような困難である」としている。リオマでの英国軍の死傷者はほとんど報道されなかった。第1/1 KAR隊で32人が死亡し、59人が負傷し、15人が行方不明になった、ということだけが知られているにすぎない。戦闘後、第1/1、第1/2 KAR隊の兵士の勲功に対して、4つの功労章がヨーロッパ人に授与され、7つのアフリカ功労章がアフリカ人に授与された。一方、第1/1 KAR隊（アレキサンダー・チャールズ・マスターズ）、第1/2 KAR隊（エドワード・ベックフォード・ベバン）、第3/2 KAR隊（チャールズ・ジョージ・フィリップス）の各指揮官には、それぞれ殊勲章が授与された。

お礼

回答ありがとうございました。

回答No.1

Nakay702

以下のとおりお答えします。
（字数制限超過のため、２回に分けて送信します。）

（その１）
＞While the British had failed to finally crush the Schutztruppe, they had inflicted heavy casualties on the Germans, though the actual number of losses is disputed. Lettow-Vorbeck claimed that he had lost 29 killed, 27 wounded, 34 missing, and 5 captured, while British claims are around 222 killed, missing or captured, of whom 22-26 were Whites. These differences may stem from the Germans not counting non-combatants such as medical personnel as casualties. Regardless of the exact numbers, several of the Schutztruppe's irreplacable senior officers and NCOs were killed, captured or wounded, which was a heavy blow.
⇒英国軍は、最終的には植民地保護隊を潰すのに失敗したが、ドイツ軍に甚大な犠牲を負わせた。ただし、実際の損害件数についてはいまだに議論の余地がある。（ドイツ軍では）29人が死亡し、27人が負傷し、34人が行方不明になったが、他方英国軍では222人が死亡、行方不明、または捕縛されて、そのうち22人ないし26人が白人だった、とレトウ=フォルベックは主張した。この違いは、ドイツ軍が医療従事者などの非戦闘員を死傷者として数え込んでいないことに起因している可能性がある。正確な数字は関知しないが、植民地保護隊の交替不可能な上級将校およびNCOの数人が殺され、捕縛され、または負傷したが、これは（ドイツ軍にとっては）大変な打撃であった。

＞The Germans had also failed in taking Lioma and thus could not replenish their supplies; instead, they had lost 50.000 rounds of ammunition, crucial medical stores, and around 200 carriers, who had been scattered in course of the battle. Miller judged that "the Germans had been more than bruised at Lioma; but for the almost total disorder and confusion [on both sides] that marked the two-day action, they would have been wiped out." Edward Paice calls the battle of Lioma a "narrow escape" for the Germans. Taken together with their casualties during the Battle of Pere Hills, another "near thing" soon after Lioma, Lettow-Vorbeck's forces lost 15% of their combat strength.
⇒ドイツ軍はリオマの奪取にも失敗したため、供給物資の補給ができなかった上に、戦闘中に散在していた50,000発の弾薬、重要な医療用品庫、およそ200人の輸送隊を失ってしまった。その輸送隊は、雲散霧散してしまった。「ドイツ軍は、リオマでは打撲傷を負ったということ以上の痛手を受けた。二日間の戦闘行動を運命づけた〔両側での〕ほぼ全体的な障害と混乱があったが、むしろそれがなかったとしたら、（我々は）一掃されたところだっただろう」と、ミュラーは判断した。エドワード・パイスは、ドイツ軍にとってリオマの戦いは「狭い逃げ道（逃げようのない戦い）」であったと呼ぶ。レオマ直後の、もう一つの「近い（似たような）もめごと」であった「ペレ・ヒルズの戦い」の間の犠牲者と合わせれば、レトウ=フォルベックの軍団は戦闘勢力の15％を失った。