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質問

With the Portuguese proving unable to defeat the German forces, the British had to bear the brunt of the fighting in Mozambique, and thus began to aggressively pursue Lettow-Vorbeck's small army.
By August 1918, the Schutztruppe was heading north to return to German East Africa, while the British under Jacob van Deventer had begun to concentrate their forces in the area of Regone and Lioma in an attempt to encircle their enemy. Though Lettow-Vorbeck had received intel about the British plans, his forces were once again in dire need of supplies and Regone harbored a large supply depot. As result, the German commander planned a quick assault against the vulnerable village in order to capture as many supplies as possible: Speed was crucial for this plan, as Lettow-Vorbeck would have to outrace the British before they could reinforce Regone or catch up with him. Rough terrain, rain and fog hindered and delayed the Schutztruppe, however, so that when it reached Regone on 26 August, the British had already fortified and reinforced it. At this point, the Germans could only have taken Regone by a prolonged siege for which they had no time, so that Lettow-Vorbeck chose to call off the attack. His forces bypassed Regone and instead began to march to Lioma, another supply depot. Unknown to the Germans, a British battalion (1/1st KAR) already managed to reinforce the village on 28 August, while two other battalions also force-marched toward Lioma. Between the British forces at Regone and the units that gathered at Lioma the Schutztruppe would be trapped, and if everything went according to van Deventer's plans, destroyed.
While British skirmishers harassed the approaching German forces, the 1/1st KAR under Maj Alexander Charles Masters dug in at Lioma: They formed a square defensive perimeter south of the village, and three small platoon outposts were also set up west, east and south of the British positions. Thus prepared, the Lioma garrison waited for the Schutztruppe, which would arrive in the area on 30 August. By 1918, the once strong Schutztruppe, which had successfully resisted the allies for four years, was much depleted and exhausted. Of its peak strength of around 15,000 soldiers in 1916 just about 1,600 were left. Many African as well as European soldiers had deserted or surrendered as the allies overran their home areas in German East Africa, wages were no longer paid, and life in the army became harder and more brutal.

回答No.1

Nakay702 · ベストアンサー

＞With the Portuguese proving unable to defeat the German forces, the British had to bear the brunt of the fighting in Mozambique, and thus began to aggressively pursue Lettow-Vorbeck's small army.
⇒ポルトガル軍にはドイツ軍を打倒できないことが判明したことで、英国軍がモザンビークでの戦いに立ち向かわなければならず、彼らがレトウ=フォルベックの小さな方面軍を積極的に追跡し始めた。

＞By August 1918, the Schutztruppe was heading north to return to German East Africa, while the British under Jacob van Deventer had begun to concentrate their forces in the area of Regone and Lioma in an attempt to encircle their enemy. Though Lettow-Vorbeck had received intel about the British plans, his forces were once again in dire need of supplies and Regone harbored a large supply depot. As result, the German commander planned a quick assault against the vulnerable village in order to capture as many supplies as possible: Speed was crucial for this plan, as Lettow-Vorbeck would have to outrace the British before they could reinforce Regone or catch up with him.
⇒1918年8月ごろ、植民地保護隊はドイツ東アフリカに帰還するために北へ向かっていたが、ジェイコブ・ヴァン・ディヴェンター麾下の英国軍が、彼らの敵を包囲するためにレゴーネとリオマの地域に軍隊を集結させ始めた。レトウ=フォルベックは英国軍の計画に関する情報を受けていたが、彼の軍団は再び極度に供給物資を必要としていたし、（他方）レゴーネは大量の補給倉庫を抱えていた。その結果、ドイツ軍の司令官は、可能な限り多くの備蓄を収奪すべく脆弱な村に対する迅速な攻撃を計画した。すなわち、この計画には速攻性が必須であった。それというのも、レトウ=フォルベックとしては、英国軍がレゴーネを補強したり、彼に追いついたりする前に、それを出し抜かなければならなかったからである。

＞Rough terrain, rain and fog hindered and delayed the Schutztruppe, however, so that when it reached Regone on 26 August, the British had already fortified and reinforced it. At this point, the Germans could only have taken Regone by a prolonged siege for which they had no time, so that Lettow-Vorbeck chose to call off the attack. His forces bypassed Regone and instead began to march to Lioma, another supply depot. Unknown to the Germans, a British battalion (1/1st KAR) already managed to reinforce the village on 28 August, while two other battalions also force-marched toward Lioma. Between the British forces at Regone and the units that gathered at Lioma the Schutztruppe would be trapped, and if everything went according to van Deventer's plans, destroyed.
⇒しかし、植民地保護隊は、険しい地形、雨、霧で（準備を）妨害されて遅れたので、8月26日にレゴーネに着いたとき、すでに英国軍が陣を強化していた。長引く包囲攻撃でレゴーネを捉えるしかないドイツ軍にとっては、もはやその時間がないため、この時点でレトウ=フォルベックは攻撃の断念を選択した。彼の軍団はレゴーネを迂回する代わりに、もう一つの補給拠点であるリオマに行進し始めた。（しかし）ドイツ軍には知られていなかったが、すでに8月28日に英国軍の大隊（第1/1 KAR〔王有アフリカライフル隊〕）が村を強化していたし、他の2個大隊もリオマに向かって行進していた。レゴーネの英国軍団とリオマに集まった部隊の間で、植民地保護隊が捕らえられるだろう。そして、すべてがヴァン・ディヴェンターの計画に従って進行すれば、彼らはさらに破壊されることになるだろう。

＞While British skirmishers harassed the approaching German forces, the 1/1st KAR under Maj Alexander Charles Masters dug in at Lioma: They formed a square defensive perimeter south of the village, and three small platoon outposts were also set up west, east and south of the British positions. Thus prepared, the Lioma garrison waited for the Schutztruppe, which would arrive in the area on 30 August. By 1918, the once strong Schutztruppe, which had successfully resisted the allies for four years, was much depleted and exhausted. Of its peak strength of around 15,000 soldiers in 1916 just about 1,600 were left. Many African as well as European soldiers had deserted or surrendered as the allies overran their home areas in German East Africa, wages were no longer paid, and life in the army became harder and more brutal.
⇒（目的地に）近づこうとするドイツ軍を英国軍の戦闘機が悩ます一方で、アレクサンダー・チャールズ・マスターズ大佐麾下の第1/1KAR隊が、リオマで塹壕を掘っていた。つまり、彼らは村の南に正方形の防御帯を造成し、また、3個小隊の前哨基地が英国軍陣地の西、東、および南に設置された。こうして準備されたリオマ守備隊は、8月30日にその地域に到着することになる植民地保護隊を待った。かねて強力だった植民地保護隊は、4年間連合国軍に首尾よく抵抗していたが、1918年までに枯渇し、疲弊していた。軍勢のピーク時には約15,000人にのぼった兵士数が、1916年には約1,600人しか残っていなかった。ドイツ領東部アフリカにおける居住地を連合国軍によって蹂躙されたときに、ヨーロッパ人の兵士同様多くのアフリカ人兵が、捨てられたり降伏したりして、賃金が支払われなくなり、軍隊での生活がより困難になり、より苛酷になった。

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回答ありがとうございました。