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質問

The Germans spent 23 October bombarding the old British positions and probing forward, as the Lahore Division (Lieutenant-General H. B. B. Watkis) reached Estaires, which had been made the assembly point for the Indian Corps, to be convenient to support II Corps or III Corps as necessary. The Jullundur Brigade relieved the II Cavalry Corps on 23/24 October, from the II Corps left flank at Fauquissart to the 19th Brigade at Rouges Bancs, which created a homogeneous British line from Givenchy northwards to Ypres. Opposite the Anglo-French south of the British III Corps, was part of the German XIV Corps and the VII, XIII, XIX and I Cavalry Corps. At 2:00 a.m., on 24 October, German artillery began a bombardment and just after dawn many German infantry were seen approaching the 3rd Division positions in the north. The German troops were easily visible and repulsed by artillery-fire before they reached the British front line. German attacks were suspended until dusk when an attack began south of Neuve-Chapelle on the right flank of the 3rd Division, until after midnight, eventually being repulsed, with many casualties. In the early hours of 25 October, German infantry were able to overrun some British trenches but were forced out by hand-to-hand fighting and at 11:00 a.m., the trenches were overrun again until reinforcements from the 9th Brigade forced the Germans back. On the left flank of the 3rd Division the 8th and Jullundur brigades were attacked from 9:00 p.m. on 24 October and the left flank battalion of the 8th Brigade was forced back. The flanking units fired into the area and a counter-attack at midnight by the brigade reserve battalion, managed to restore the position in costly fighting. Many German troops of the 14th and 26th divisions were killed in the attacks and several prisoners taken.
By morning, the II Corps headquarters staff were relieved, that despite 13 days of battle, exhaustion and the loss of many pre-war regulars and experienced reservists, a determined German attack had been defeated. The corps front was not attacked on 25 October but German guns accurately bombarded the British positions, with assistance from observation aircraft, flying in clear weather. German infantry kept 700–900 yd (640–820 m) back, except for areas in front of the 5th Division. Some positions were evacuated during daylight hours to escape German shelling and engineers collected fence posts and wire from farmland, ready to build obstacles in front of the British positions overnight. Smith-Dorrien forecast a lull in German attacks but requested reinforcements from French who agreed, because a defeat at La Bassée would compromise offensive operations in Belgium.

回答No.1

Nakay702 · ベストアンサー

＞The Germans spent 23 October bombarding the old British positions and probing forward, as the Lahore Division (Lieutenant-General H. B. B. Watkis) reached Estaires, which had been made the assembly point for the Indian Corps, to be convenient to support II Corps or III Corps as necessary. The Jullundur Brigade relieved the II Cavalry Corps on 23/24 October, from the II Corps left flank at Fauquissart to the 19th Brigade at Rouges Bancs, which created a homogeneous British line from Givenchy northwards to Ypres.
⇒ドイツ軍は、10月23日の１日を費やして古い英国軍陣地を爆撃し、進軍の探りを入れたが、それはラホール師団（H.B.B.ワトキス中将）が、必要に応じて第II軍団または第III軍団を支援するのに都合が良いようにインド軍団の集結場所とされていたエステールに着いたからであった。ユルンドゥル旅団は、10月23/24日に、フォーキサールの第II軍団左翼側からルージュ・バンの第19旅団までを救援し、それでジバンシーから北のイープルまで均質な英国軍戦線が作られた。

＞Opposite the Anglo-French south of the British III Corps, was part of the German XIV Corps and the VII, XIII, XIX and I Cavalry Corps. At 2:00 a.m., on 24 October, German artillery began a bombardment and just after dawn many German infantry were seen approaching the 3rd Division positions in the north. The German troops were easily visible and repulsed by artillery-fire before they reached the British front line. German attacks were suspended until dusk when an attack began south of Neuve-Chapelle on the right flank of the 3rd Division, until after midnight, eventually being repulsed, with many casualties.
⇒英国第III軍団南に布陣する英仏軍の向かい側は、ドイツ軍第XIV軍団の一部と第VII、第XIII、第XIX、および第Iの各騎兵軍団が（対峙して）いた。10月24日の午前2時に、ドイツ軍砲兵隊が砲撃を開始し、夜明け直後に多くのドイツ軍歩兵隊が北部の第3師団陣地に接近していくのが見られた。ドイツ軍は、英国の最前線に到着するより前には容易に姿が見られて、砲撃で撃退された。ドイツ軍の攻撃は夕暮れまで中断され、真夜中以降に第3師団右翼ヌーヴ=シャペルの南で攻撃が始まったが、最終的には多くの犠牲者を被って追い返された。

＞In the early hours of 25 October, German infantry were able to overrun some British trenches but were forced out by hand-to-hand fighting and at 11:00 a.m., the trenches were overrun again until reinforcements from the 9th Brigade forced the Germans back. On the left flank of the 3rd Division the 8th and Jullundur brigades were attacked from 9:00 p.m. on 24 October and the left flank battalion of the 8th Brigade was forced back. The flanking units fired into the area and a counter-attack at midnight by the brigade reserve battalion, managed to restore the position in costly fighting. Many German troops of the 14th and 26th divisions were killed in the attacks and several prisoners taken.
⇒10月25日の早い時間にドイツ軍歩兵隊は英国軍の塹壕をいくつか侵略できたが、接近戦では封殺された。それでも、午前11時に第9旅団からの増援隊がドイツ軍を押し戻すまでの間は、再三塹壕を侵略し続けた。第3師団の左側面では、10月24日午後9時から第8旅団とユルンドゥル旅団が攻撃され、第8旅団の左側面大隊は退却を余儀なくされた。隣接部隊がその地域に発砲したところ、深夜にこの旅団の予備大隊による反撃で、高くつく戦闘ながら陣地を回復することができた。第14、第26師団の多くのドイツ軍隊がこの攻撃で殺され、数人の囚人が捕縛された。

＞By morning, the II Corps headquarters staff were relieved, that despite 13 days of battle, exhaustion and the loss of many pre-war regulars and experienced reservists, a determined German attack had been defeated. The corps front was not attacked on 25 October but German guns accurately bombarded the British positions, with assistance from observation aircraft, flying in clear weather.
⇒13日間の戦闘、消耗、および、多くの戦前からの常連兵と経験豊富な予備兵の喪失にもかかわらず、決然たるドイツ軍の攻撃が敗北したことから、朝までに第II軍団本部の要員が救済された。この軍団の前線は10月25日には攻撃されなかったが、晴天の空を飛ぶ観測航空機からの援助でドイツ軍の銃砲隊は英国陣地を正確に爆撃した。
※この段落、文字通りに訳したつもりが、内容が判然としません。誤訳があるかも知れませんが、その節はどうぞ悪しからず。

＞German infantry kept 700–900 yd (640–820 m) back, except for areas in front of the 5th Division. Some positions were evacuated during daylight hours to escape German shelling and engineers collected fence posts and wire from farmland, ready to build obstacles in front of the British positions overnight. Smith-Dorrien forecast a lull in German attacks but requested reinforcements from French who agreed, because a defeat at La Bassée would compromise offensive operations in Belgium.
⇒第5師団の前線地域を除いて、ドイツ軍の歩兵隊は700－900ヤード（640－820 m）後方を保持した。ドイツ軍の砲撃から逃れるために、日中は（常駐せずに）空けておいた陣地もあったが、工兵が農地からフェンスの支柱やワイヤーを回収し、一夜にして英国運陣地の前に障害物を建てることができた。スミス‐ドリエンは、ドイツ軍の攻撃が小康状態にあると予測したが、合意を得たフランス軍からの増援を要求した。それというのも、ラ・バセでの敗北でベルギーでの攻撃作戦が危うくなる怖れがあったからである。

お礼

回答ありがとうございました。