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質問

The Battle of Mount Ortigara was fought from 10 to 25 June 1917 between the Italian and Austro-Hungarian armies for possession of Mount Ortigara, in the Asiago Plateau.The Italians decided to launch an offensive because the Strafexpedition of the previous year had improved the Austrian defensive positions, whence the Italian armies of Cadore, Carnia and the Isonzo could be threatened.
The battle was prepared with considerable means (300,000 men with 1,600 artillery guns) concentrated on a short segment of the front just a few kilometers long. However, although the Italians enjoyed a 3-to-1 numeric superiority in both men and guns, as they faced 100,000 Austro-Hungarians with 500 guns, the attack still presented several problems:
The Austrian positions were very strong.
The arc formed by the opposing lines was such as to favor the Austrian artillery.
The Italian lines were overcrowded, which made it difficult to maneuver.
The Austrians expected the offensive, so there was no surprise.The attack began on 10 June and after fierce and bloody fightings the Italian 52nd Alpine Division managed to capture the top of Mount Ortigara.
The Austro-Hungarian command promptly sent many trained reinforcements. On 25 June, the 11 Italian battalions guarding the summit were attacked by Austrian shock troops which retook it, the strenuous Italian resistance notwithstanding.
The 52nd Division alone suffered about half the Italian casualties. General Ettore Mambretti, commander of the Sixth Army, was considered responsible for the heavy casualties and removed from command.
A letter from a young soldier, written on the eve of the battle, is part of the museum of the Asiago War Memorial. Adolfo Ferrero wrote this letter to his family shortly before dying in combat, and the letter was later discovered in the personal effects of his page, whose body was exhumed from Mount Ortigara in the 1950s.

The Battle of Mount Ortigara :オルティガーラ山の戦い

回答No.1

Nakay702 · ベストアンサー

＞The Battle of Mount Ortigara was fought from 10 to 25 June 1917 between the Italian and Austro-Hungarian armies for possession of Mount Ortigara, in the Asiago Plateau.The Italians decided to launch an offensive because the Strafexpedition of the previous year had improved the Austrian defensive positions, whence the Italian armies of Cadore, Carnia and the Isonzo could be threatened.
⇒「オルティガーラ山の戦い」は、アシアゴ台地のオルティガーラ山の所有をめぐって、イタリア軍とオーストリア‐ハンガリー軍の間で、1917年6月10日から25日まで戦われた。その前年、「ストラフェックスペディション」（機銃掃射遠征隊）がオーストリア軍の防御陣地を改善したので、イタリア軍は攻撃を開始することに決めたが、それはカドーレ、カリーナおよびイゾンツォのイタリア方面軍が脅される可能性があったからである。

＞The battle was prepared with considerable means (300,000 men with 1,600 artillery guns) concentrated on a short segment of the front just a few kilometers long. However, although the Italians enjoyed a 3-to-1 numeric superiority in both men and guns, as they faced 100,000 Austro-Hungarians with 500 guns, the attack still presented several problems:
⇒この戦いは、長さがわずか2, 3キロの前線という小区画に、かなりの手段（1,600丁の銃砲をもつ300,000人の兵士）を集中して準備された。しかし、（わずか）500丁の銃をもつ100,000人のオーストリア‐ハンガリー軍にこのイタリア軍が対峙したので、兵士と銃に関しては3対1という数的優勢を享受していたが、攻撃にはまだいくつか問題があることを露呈していた。

＞The Austrian positions were very strong.
The arc formed by the opposing lines was such as to favor the Austrian artillery.
The Italian lines were overcrowded, which made it difficult to maneuver.
The Austrians expected the offensive, so there was no surprise.The attack began on 10 June and after fierce and bloody fightings the Italian 52nd Alpine Division managed to capture the top of Mount Ortigara.
⇒すなわち、オーストリア軍の陣地は、非常に強固であった。
対立する戦線に形成された弧形は、オーストリア砲兵隊にとって好都合なものであった。
イタリア軍の戦線は過密状態だったので、機動作戦の行動を困難にしていた。
オーストリア軍は攻撃を予想したので、急襲の憂いはなかった。攻撃は6月10日に始まり、激しく血なまぐさい戦いの後、イタリア軍の第52アルペン師団は何とかオルティガーラ山の頂上を攻略することができた。

＞The Austro-Hungarian command promptly sent many trained reinforcements. On 25 June, the 11 Italian battalions guarding the summit were attacked by Austrian shock troops which retook it, the strenuous Italian resistance notwithstanding.
The 52nd Division alone suffered about half the Italian casualties. General Ettore Mambretti, commander of the Sixth Army, was considered responsible for the heavy casualties and removed from command.
⇒オーストリア‐ハンガリー軍の指揮官は、即座に訓練兵の増援隊を大勢送り込んだ。6月25日に、頂上を守るイタリア軍の11個大隊がオーストリア突撃専門部隊によって攻撃され、イタリア軍の激しい抵抗にもかかわらず、それは再度奪還された。
第52師団だけでイタリア軍の犠牲者のおよそ半分を被った。第6方面軍の指揮官エットーレ・マンブレッティ将軍は、甚大な犠牲に対して責任があるとみなされて、司令部から追放された。

＞A letter from a young soldier, written on the eve of the battle, is part of the museum of the Asiago War Memorial. Adolfo Ferrero wrote this letter to his family shortly before dying in combat, and the letter was later discovered in the personal effects of his page, whose body was exhumed from Mount Ortigara in the 1950s.
⇒戦いの前夜に書かれた若い兵士からの手紙が、「アシアゴ戦没者記念碑」の博物館の一角にある。アドルフォ・フェレーロは、この戦闘で死亡する直前に彼の家族に宛ててこの手紙を書いていて、その手紙は彼個人の所持品（遺品）の中から発見され、彼の体は1950年代にオルティガーラ山から掘り出された。

お礼

回答ありがとうございました。