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質問

Behind the Flandern I Stellung were the Flandern II Stellung and the Flandern III Stellung (still under construction). In his Operation Order of 27 June to the Fifth Army corps commanders, Gough gave the green line (third objective) as the main objective. Advances towards the red line, (fourth objective) were to be made by patrols of fresh troops, to take vacant ground that was tactically valuable, exploiting any German disorganisation in the first 24 hours. The Fifth Army plan was more ambitious than Plumer's version, which had involved a shallower advance of 1,000–1,750 yards (910–1,600 m) on the first day. Major-General John Davidson, Director of Operations at General Headquarters expressed concern that there was "ambiguity as to what was meant by a step-by-step attack with limited objectives". Davidson suggested reverting to an advance of no more than 1,500–3,000 yards (1,400–2,700 m), to increase the concentration of British artillery. Gough's reply stressed the need to plan for opportunities to take ground left temporarily undefended and that this was more likely in the first attack, that would have the benefit of a longer period of preparation. After discussions at the end of June, Haig endorsed the Fifth Army plan, as did Plumer the Second Army commander. The front held by the French extended 4.3 miles (7 km) from Boesinghe (Boezinge) to the north of Nordschoote (Noordschote), the ground to the north being a morass created by the Belgians, when they flooded the area during the Battle of the Yser in 1914. A paved road between Reninghe, Nordschoote and Drie Grachten ran on a bank just above the water level. Into the inundations ran the Kemmelbeek, Yperlee (Yser Canal) and Martjevaart. Between Nordschoote and the Maison du Passeur pillbox, the opposing lines were separated by a wide stretch of ground, which was mostly flooded. At the Maison du Passeur there was a French outpost on the east side of the Yperlee, connected with the west bank by a footbridge. From this point to Steenstraat, no man's land was about 200–300 yards (180–270 m) wide. From Boesinghe to Steenstraat the Yperlee running from Ypres, formed the front line.

回答No.1

Nakay702 · ベストアンサー

＞Behind the Flandern I Stellung were the Flandern II Stellung and the Flandern III Stellung (still under construction). In his Operation Order of 27 June to the Fifth Army corps commanders, Gough gave the green line (third objective) as the main objective. Advances towards the red line, (fourth objective) were to be made by patrols of fresh troops, to take vacant ground that was tactically valuable, exploiting any German disorganisation in the first 24 hours.
⇒フランドル第I陣地の背後に、フランドル第II陣地とフランドル第III陣地（まだ工事中）があった。ゴフは、6月27日の「作戦指令」では緑部分（第3標的）が主要標的であることを第5方面軍指揮官らに伝えた。赤線部（第4標的）方面への進軍は、新しい軍隊のパトロールによってなされることになっていた。そして、最初の24時間でいかなる（ささいな）ドイツ軍の混乱でも利用して、戦術的に貴重な退去地面を奪取することにいていた。

＞The Fifth Army plan was more ambitious than Plumer's version, which had involved a shallower advance of 1,000–1,750 yards (910–1,600 m) on the first day. Major-General John Davidson, Director of Operations at General Headquarters expressed concern that there was "ambiguity as to what was meant by a step-by-step attack with limited objectives". Davidson suggested reverting to an advance of no more than 1,500–3,000 yards (1,400–2,700 m), to increase the concentration of British artillery.
⇒第5方面軍の計画はプルーマー案より野心的であったが、1日目には1,000–1,750ヤード（910–1,600m）という、浅い進軍（だけ）を盛り込んでいた。総司令部の作戦行動の管理者ジョン・テビッドソン少将は、「限られた標的に対する段階的な攻撃によって意味されることに関する曖昧さ」があるという懸念を表明した。デーヴィッドソンは、英国軍砲兵隊の集中を増やすために、1,500–3,000ヤード（1,400–2,700m）以上にならない進軍に戻ることを提案した。

＞Gough's reply stressed the need to plan for opportunities to take ground left temporarily undefended and that this was more likely in the first attack, that would have the benefit of a longer period of preparation. After discussions at the end of June, Haig endorsed the Fifth Army plan, as did Plumer the Second Army commander.
⇒ゴフの返事は、一時的に無防備のままになる地面を奪取する機会の利用を計画に入れる必要性を強調した。これは最初の攻撃において可能性が大きく、そこには長い準備の利点があるだろうと強調した。ヘイグは6月末の議論の後、第2方面軍指揮官のプルーマーと同じく、第5方面軍の計画を支持した。

＞The front held by the French extended 4.3 miles (7 km) from Boesinghe (Boezinge) to the north of Nordschoote (Noordschote), the ground to the north being a morass created by the Belgians, when they flooded the area during the Battle of the Yser in 1914. A paved road between Reninghe, Nordschoote and Drie Grachten ran on a bank just above the water level. Into the inundations ran the Kemmelbeek, Yperlee (Yser Canal) and Martjevaart. Between Nordschoote and the Maison du Passeur pillbox, the opposing lines were separated by a wide stretch of ground, which was mostly flooded.
⇒フランス軍が占拠する前線はボージンゲからノルドスコーテ北まで4.3マイル（7km）伸びたが、その北方の地面は、1914年の「イゼールの戦い」の間にベルギー軍が氾濫させてつくった沼地の地域であった。レニンゲ、ノルドスコーテおよびドリエ・グラフテンの間の舗装道路は、水位よりちょっと上の岸を通っていた。ケメルベーク、イペルレー（イゼール運河）、およびマルジェヴァートを通るあたりでは冠水していた。ノルドスコーテとメゾン・デュ・パセ（通行の館）のピルボックスとの間で、対立する戦線は広い地面の広がりによって切り離されているが、それは大部分が浸水しているところであった。

＞At the Maison du Passeur there was a French outpost on the east side of the Yperlee, connected with the west bank by a footbridge. From this point to Steenstraat, no man's land was about 200–300 yards (180–270 m) wide. From Boesinghe to Steenstraat the Yperlee running from Ypres, formed the front line.
⇒メゾン・デュ・パセでは、イペルレーの東側にフランス軍の哨戒陣地があり、歩道橋で西岸とつながっていた。この地点からシュテーンシュトラートまでの中間地帯は、幅が200–300ヤード（180–270m）であった。イープルから出るイペルレー（運河）がボージンゲからシュテーンシュトラートまで走っていて、最前線を形成していた。

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