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質問

In September of that year, Allied forces (French, Greek, Serb, Italian, and British troops), under the command of French General Louis Franchet d'Espèrey, broke through German, Austro-Hungarian, and Bulgarian forces along the Macedonian front. Bulgaria later signed the Armistice of Salonica with the Allies in Thessaloniki on 29 September 1918. By October, the Allies including the Greeks under French General Louis Franchet d'Espèrey had taken back all of Serbia and were ready to invade Hungary until the Hungarian authorities offered surrender.
The Greek military suffered an estimated 5,000 deaths from their nine divisions that participated in the war. As Greece emerged victorious from World War I, it was rewarded with territorial acquisitions, specifically Western Thrace (Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine) and Eastern Thrace and the Smyrna area (Treaty of Sèvres). Greek gains were largely undone by the subsequent Greco-Turkish War of 1919 to 1922.

The Kerensky Offensive (Russian: Наступление Керенского), also called the July Offensive (Russian: Июльское наступление), was the last Russian offensive in World War I, taking place in July 1917. In the offensive, the Russian army was aided by the Kingdom of Romania.The offensive was ordered by Alexander Kerensky, Minister of War in the Russian provisional government, and led by General Brusilov. Such a decision was ill-timed, because, following the February Revolution, there were strong popular demands for peace, especially within the army, whose fighting capabilities were quickly deteriorating.
Discipline within the Russian Army had reached a point of crisis since the Tsar's abdication. The Petrograd Soviet's Order No. 1 tremendously weakened the power of officers, giving an overriding mandate to "soldier committees".

The Kerensky Offensive :ケレンスキー攻勢

回答No.1

Nakay702 · ベストアンサー

＞In September of that year, Allied forces (French, Greek, Serb, Italian, and British troops), under the command of French General Louis Franchet d'Espèrey, broke through German, Austro-Hungarian, and Bulgarian forces along the Macedonian front. Bulgaria later signed the Armistice of Salonica with the Allies in Thessaloniki on 29 September 1918. By October, the Allies including the Greeks under French General Louis Franchet d'Espèrey had taken back all of Serbia and were ready to invade Hungary until the Hungarian authorities offered surrender.
⇒その年の９月に、連合国軍隊（フランス、ギリシア、セルビア、イタリア、英国各軍隊）は、フランス軍のルイ・フランシェ・デスペレ将軍の指揮下に、マケドニア前線に沿ってドイツ、オーストリア‐ハンガリー、ブルガリア各軍隊を突破した。ブルガリアはその後の1918年9月29日にテッサロニキで連合国軍との「サロニカの休戦」に調印した。フランス軍ルイ・フランシェ・デスペレ将軍麾下の、ギリシア軍を含む連合国軍は、10月までにはセルビア全土を奪還して、ハンガリーを侵略する準備を整えたので、ハンガリー当局も降伏の意思表示をするまでに至った。

＞The Greek military suffered an estimated 5,000 deaths from their nine divisions that participated in the war. As Greece emerged victorious from World War I, it was rewarded with territorial acquisitions, specifically Western Thrace (Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine) and Eastern Thrace and the Smyrna area (Treaty of Sèvres). Greek gains were largely undone by the subsequent Greco-Turkish War of 1919 to 1922.
⇒ギリシア軍隊は、戦争に参加した9師団のうちから、約5,000人の尊い命を失った。ギリシャ軍は第一次世界大戦から勝組として登場したので、それは領土、特に西トラキア（ヌイイ‐シュル‐セーヌの条約）および東トラキアとスミルナ地域（セブレスの条約）の取得という形で報いられた。（しかし）ギリシアの増加は、おもに1919～1922年以降の「ギリシア・トルコ（希土）戦争」によって大きく逆戻りした。

＞The Kerensky Offensive (Russian: Наступление Керенского), also called the July Offensive (Russian: Июльское наступление), was the last Russian offensive in World War I, taking place in July 1917. In the offensive, the Russian army was aided by the Kingdom of Romania.The offensive was ordered by Alexander Kerensky, Minister of War in the Russian provisional government, and led by General Brusilov. Such a decision was ill-timed, because, following the February Revolution, there were strong popular demands for peace, especially within the army, whose fighting capabilities were quickly deteriorating.
⇒「ケレンスキー攻勢」（ロシア語：Наступление Керенского）は、「7月攻勢」（ロシア語：Июльское наступление）とも呼ばれるが、それは1917年7月に起こった、第一次世界大戦におけるロシア軍の最後の攻勢であった。その攻撃でロシア軍はルーマニア王国の援助を受けた。ロシア臨時政府の戦争担当大臣アレキサンダー・ケレンスキーによってその攻撃は命じられ、ブルシーロフ将軍が指揮をとった。「二月革命」の後で、そのような決定は時宜を失していた。というのも、平和を求める強い民衆的要求があって、特に、戦闘能力が急速に悪化していた軍内部ではその声が強かった。

＞Discipline within the Russian Army had reached a point of crisis since the Tsar's abdication. The Petrograd Soviet's Order No. 1 tremendously weakened the power of officers, giving an overriding mandate to "soldier committees".
⇒ロシア軍内の規律は、ツァーリ放棄以来の危機段階に達していた。「ペトログラード・ソビエト政令第１号」は、将校の権力を極度に弱めて、「兵士委員会」に圧倒的指令権を与えた。

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