医療関係 以下の英文の和訳をお願いします

質問

医療関係　以下の英文の和訳をお願いします

In one of the many curious coincidences in the history of science, the first modern high explosive -nitroglycerin- became one of the very first man-made drugs. Prior to the invention of nitroglycerin, most truly effective drugs in common use, like aspirin, digitalis, morphine and quinine, were all derived from plant sources.

Due to its explosive power, nitroglycerin was known as the most hazardous compound that man had ever concocted. Alfred Nobel combined it with an inert binder and invented dynamite in the middle of 19th century. It was also Nobel who first observed nitroglycerin's benefits in treating chest pain.

Nitroglycerin relaxes the blood vessels, permitting them to expand. This expansion reduces the pumping force the heart exerts while circulating blood through the body, lightening the heart's workload and relieving the crushing pain of angina.

Nitric oxide is thought to play a critical role in the process of vasodilation. Until recently, however, scientists did not understand the mechanism by which nitric oxide is generated from the nitroglycerin molecule. In 2002, an American research team found that a certain enzyme breaks down nitroglycerin and releases a nitric oxide-related molecule. This biochemeical reaction takes place in the mitochondrion, a compartment within cells commonly known as the cell's "powerhouse."

Nitroglycerin is known to cause one unpleasant side effect: severe headaches. It is thought that these symptoms are caused by the expansion of the blood vessels on the brain. Nitroglycerin may also produce dizziness from hypotension -excessive lowering of the blood pressure.

Nitroglycerin is only effective when it is absorbed through the mucous membranes into the bloodstream. For this reason, the tables are not swallowed but placed under the tongue. If swallowed, nitroglycerin would be completely broken down and rendered ineffective by the liver before it enters the bloodstream.

One bit of nonsense perpetrated by Hollywood is the idea that if a patient with a "week" heart gets to his nitroglycerin tablets in time, the tablets will save his life. In real life, however, many attacks of angina cannot be treated effectively with nitroglycerin. In such cases, the patients should seek immediate medical help.

回答No.1

noname#252159

In one of the many curious coincidences in the history of science, the first modern high explosive -nitroglycerin- became one of the very first man-made drugs. Prior to the invention of nitroglycerin, most truly effective drugs in common use, like aspirin, digitalis, morphine and quinine, were all derived from plant sources.
　科学史において奇妙な偶然の1つとして、初期の高い爆発性がある二トログリセリンは人間が初めて作った薬の1つになった。ニトログリセリンの発明に先だって、実効性のある薬として広く利用されていた薬、アスピリン、ジギタリス製剤、モルヘネ、そしてキニーネはは全て植物を素材として作られたものであった。

Due to its explosive power, nitroglycerin was known as the most hazardous compound that man had ever concocted. Alfred Nobel combined it with an inert binder and invented dynamite in the middle of 19th century. It was also Nobel who first observed nitroglycerin's benefits in treating chest pain.
　その爆発力のおかげでニトログリセリンは人類が作った合成物の中で最も危険な合成物として知られていた。アルフレッド・ノ―ベルは、ニトログリセリンを不活性な接合材と結合させ、19世紀の中頃ダイナマイトを発明した。胸部の痛みを治療するのにニトログリセリンの有効性を気づいていたのもノーベルであった。

Nitroglycerin relaxes the blood vessels, permitting them to expand. This expansion reduces the pumping force the heart exerts while circulating blood through the body, lightening the heart's workload and relieving the crushing pain of angina.
　ニトログリセリンは血管を緩め、拡げることを可能にする。血管が拡がることで、体内に血液を巡環させようと心臓が押し出そうとする力が減り、心臓の負担を軽減させ、狭心症によって締めつけられる痛みを和らげてくれる。

Nitric oxide is thought to play a critical role in the process of vasodilation. Until recently, however, scientists did not understand the mechanism by which nitric oxide is generated from the nitroglycerin molecule. In 2002, an American research team found that a certain enzyme breaks down nitroglycerin and releases a nitric oxide-related molecule. This biochemeical reaction takes place in the mitochondrion, a compartment within cells commonly known as the cell's "powerhouse."
　酸化窒素は血管拡張の役割を果たすと考えられていた。とはいえ、つい最近まで科学者たちは酸化窒素はニトログリセリン分子によって生成されるというメカニズムを理解していなかった。2002年、あるアメリカの研究チームは、或る酵素がニトログリセリンを壊し、酸化窒素と同族の分子を発散することを発見した。この生化学反応は細胞内での「パワーハウス」として知られている器官ミトコンドリア内で起こる。

Nitroglycerin is known to cause one unpleasant side effect: severe headaches. It is thought that these symptoms are caused by the expansion of the blood vessels on the brain. Nitroglycerin may also produce dizziness from hypotension -excessive lowering of the blood pressure.
　ニトログリセリンは、重い頭痛であるとかの望ましくない影響を引き起こすと知られている。こうした頭痛の症状は脳内での血管拡張によって引き起こされると考えられている。ニトログリセリンは血圧を過度に降下させたことによるめまいを引き起こすこともある。

Nitroglycerin is only effective when it is absorbed through the mucous membranes into the bloodstream. For this reason, the tables are not swallowed but placed under the tongue. If swallowed, nitroglycerin would be completely broken down and rendered ineffective by the liver before it enters the bloodstream.
　ニトログリセリンはに粘膜から血管へと吸収される場合のみ有効である。この理由により、錠済は飲み込むべきものではなく、舌下に置かれる。もし、飲んでしまおうものならば、ニトログリセリンは完全に壊され、血流に入る前に肝臓によって効果のないものになってしまうであろう。

One bit of nonsense perpetrated by Hollywood is the idea that if a patient with a "week" heart gets to his nitroglycerin tablets in time, the tablets will save his life. In real life, however, many attacks of angina cannot be treated effectively with nitroglycerin. In such cases, the patients should seek immediate medical help.
　ハリウッドで作られた作品に、もし患者が1「週間」決まった時間にニトログリセリンを飲めば、その錠剤は患者の命を救うことになるだろう、という少しばかりナンセンスなものがある。でも、実際の狭心症による多くの発作はニトログリセリンによって効果的に処置することはできない。そのような場合、患者は急救医療を探すべきなのだ。