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質問

Clemenceau told Wilson: "America is far away, protected by the ocean. Not even Napoleon himself could touch England. You are both sheltered; we are not". The French wanted a frontier on the Rhine, to protect France from a German invasion and compensate for French demographic and economic inferiority. American and British representatives refused the French claim and after two months of negotiations, the French accepted a British pledge to provide an immediate alliance with France if Germany attacked again, and Wilson agreed to put a similar proposal to the Senate. Clemenceau had told the Chamber of Deputies, in December 1918, that his goal was to maintain an alliance with both countries. Clemenceau accepted the offer, in return for an occupation of the Rhineland for fifteen years and that Germany would also demilitarise the Rhineland.
French negotiators required reparations, to make Germany pay for the destruction induced throughout the war and to decrease German strength. The French also wanted the iron ore and coal of the Saar Valley, by annexation to France. The French were willing to accept a smaller amount of reparations than the Americans would concede and Clemenceau was willing discuss German capacity to pay with the German delegation, before the final settlement was drafted. In April and May 1919, the French and Germans held separate talks, on mutually acceptable arrangements on issues like reparation, reconstruction and industrial collaboration. France, along with the British Dominions and Belgium, opposed mandates and favored annexation of former German colonies.Britain had suffered little land devastation during the war. However, the British wartime coalition was re-elected during the so-called Coupon election at the end of 1918, with a policy of squeezing the German "'til the pips squeak". Public opinion favoured a "just peace", which would force Germany to pay reparations and be unable to repeat the aggression of 1914, although those of a "liberal and advanced opinion" shared Wilson's ideal of a peace of reconciliation.In private Lloyd George opposed revenge and attempted to compromise between Clemenceau's demands and the Fourteen Points, because Europe would eventually have to reconcile with Germany. Lloyd George wanted terms of reparation that would not cripple the German economy, so that Germany would remain a viable economic power and trading partner. By arguing that British war pensions and widows' allowances should be included in the German reparation sum, Lloyd George ensured that a large amount would go to the British Empire.

回答No.2

Nakay702 · ベストアンサー

＞Clemenceau told Wilson: "America is far away, protected by the ocean. Not even Napoleon himself could touch England. You are both sheltered; we are not". The French wanted a frontier on the Rhine, to protect France from a German invasion and compensate for French demographic and economic inferiority. American and British representatives refused the French claim and after two months of negotiations, the French accepted a British pledge to provide an immediate alliance with France if Germany attacked again, and Wilson agreed to put a similar proposal to the Senate. Clemenceau had told the Chamber of Deputies, in December 1918, that his goal was to maintain an alliance with both countries. Clemenceau accepted the offer, in return for an occupation of the Rhineland for fifteen years and that Germany would also demilitarise the Rhineland.
⇒クレマンソーはウィルソンにこう語った。「米国は遠くにあり、海に守られています。ナポレオン自身もイングランドに触れることはできなかったのです。あなた方はどちらも保護されていますが、我々は守られていません」。フランスは、ドイツの侵略からフランスを守り、フランスの人口統計学的・経済的劣勢を補うために、ライン川の辺境部を求めた。米国と英国の代表はフランスの主張を拒否し、2か月の交渉の後、フランスはドイツが再び攻撃するなら、フランスとの即時同盟を組むという英国の誓約を受け入れ、ウィルソンは同様の提案を上院の俎上に乗せることに同意した。クレマンソーは、1918年12月、両国との同盟を維持することを目標とする旨を議会に語っていた。クレマンソーは、代償として15年間にわたってラインラントを占拠し、ドイツもラインラントを非武装化するものとする、という提案を受け入れた。

＞French negotiators required reparations, to make Germany pay for the destruction induced throughout the war and to decrease German strength. The French also wanted the iron ore and coal of the Saar Valley, by annexation to France. The French were willing to accept a smaller amount of reparations than the Americans would concede and Clemenceau was willing discuss German capacity to pay with the German delegation, before the final settlement was drafted. In April and May 1919, the French and Germans held separate talks, on mutually acceptable arrangements on issues like reparation, reconstruction and industrial collaboration. France, along with the British Dominions and Belgium, opposed mandates and favored annexation of former German colonies.
⇒フランスの交渉者は、戦争を通じて誘発された破壊をドイツに負担させて、ドイツの強さを低下させるために賠償を要求した。フランス人はまた、フランスへの併合という形で、ザール渓谷の鉄鉱石と石炭も望んでいた。フランス人は、米国人が認めるよりも少額の賠償金を受け取るだけでよしとしていたし、クレマンソーは最終的な解決案が起草される前に、ドイツの支払能力についてドイツ代表団と進んで話し合った。1919年4月と5月、フランスとドイツは、賠償、復興、産業協力などの問題で相互に受け入れられる取り決めについて、別々の会談を数度行った。フランスは、英国自治領やベルギーとともに、旧ドイツ植民地の委任統治に反対して併合を支持した。

＞Britain had suffered little land devastation during the war. However, the British wartime coalition was re-elected during the so-called Coupon election* at the end of 1918, with a policy of squeezing the German "'til the pips squeak". Public opinion favoured a "just peace", which would force Germany to pay reparations and be unable to repeat the aggression of 1914, although those of a "liberal and advanced opinion" shared Wilson's ideal of a peace of reconciliation.
⇒英国は、戦争中に土地の荒廃をほとんど経験しなかった。しかし、英国の戦時連合は、1918年末のいわゆるクーポン選挙*の際に再選され、ドイツが「音をあげるまで」圧迫する政策をとった。「自由と先進的な意見」（派）の人たちは和解の平和というウィルソンの理想を共有していたにもかかわらず、世論は、ドイツに賠償と1914年の侵略の反復を不能にする「公正な平和」を支持した。
＊Coupon election「クーポン選挙」：平和条約締結後の1918年12月14日にイギリスで行われた総選挙。「クーポン」とはロイド=ジョージが連立支持派に与えた公認証書のこと。

＞In private Lloyd George opposed revenge and attempted to compromise between Clemenceau's demands and the Fourteen Points, because Europe would eventually have to reconcile with Germany. Lloyd George wanted terms of reparation that would not cripple the German economy, so that Germany would remain a viable economic power and trading partner. By arguing that British war pensions and widows' allowances should be included in the German reparation sum, Lloyd George ensured that a large amount would go to the British Empire.
⇒最終的にはヨーロッパ（全体）がドイツと和解し合わなければならないのだから、ロイド=ジョージは非公式ながら報復に反対し、クレマンソーの要求と「14か条」との間の妥協を試みた。ロイド=ジョージは、ドイツが経済的にも貿易相手としても存続するよう、ドイツ経済を破損することのない賠償の条文を望んでいた。（それでも）英国の戦争年金や寡婦の手当をドイツの賠償金総額に含めるべきだと主張することによって、ロイド=ジョージは多額の金額が大英帝国圏内に入ってくることを保証した。

お礼

回答ありがとうございました。

回答No.1

taneuma_jp

クレマンソーがウィルソンに言ったのですよ。