和訳
和訳をお願いします。
良く分からなかった箇所や上手く訳せていなかった部分がありました。( )内も、間違ったものを選択して訳した場合もあるので、お願いします。
スペルには気を付けましたが、もしございましたらすみません。
Shown a photograph, North American students of European background paid more attention to the object in the foreground of a scene, (A) students from China spent more time studying the background and talking in the whole scene, according to researchers at the University of Michigan.
Researchers led by Hannah-Faye Chua and Richard Nisbett tracked the eye movements of the studentsー25 European Americans and 27 native Chineseーto determine where they looked in a picture and how long they focused on a particular area.
“They literally are seeing the world differently,” said Nisbett, with Westerners focusing on objects and Asians talking in more context to view a scene as a whole. He believes the differences are cultural.
“Asians live in more socially complicated world than we do,” he said in an interview. “They have to pay more attention to others than we do. We are individualists.” The key thing in Chinese culture is harmony, Nisbett said, while in the west the sky is finding ways to get things done, (B).
And that, he said, goes back to the ecology and economy of thousands of years ago. In ancient China, farmers developed a system of irrigated agriculture, Nisbett said, in which farmers had to get along (C) each other to share water and make sure no one cheated. This is especially the case in rice farming, he said.
Western attitudes, (D), developed in ancient Greece where more smallholders ran individual farms, operating like individual businessmen. Thus, differences in perception go back at least 2000 years, he said.
He illustrated this by asking Japanese and Americans to look at pictures of underwater scenes and report what they saw.
The Americans would go straight for the brightest or most rapidly moving object, he said, such as three trout swimming. The Japanese were more likely to say they saw a stream, the water was green, there were rocks on bottom and then mention the fish.
The Japanese gave 60 percent more information on the background than the Americans and twice as much about the background-foreground object relationships.
(A) 1because 2while 3since 4after
(C) 1at 2to 3with 4in
(D) 1after all 2once in a while 3on the other hand 4as a whole
(B) 1paying much attention to others
2focusing on group welfare rather than their own welfare
3paying less attention to others
4focusing on harmony
