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質問

The Siege of Antwerp (Dutch: Beleg van Antwerpen, French: Siège d'Anvers, German: Belagerung von Antwerpen) was an engagement between the German and the Belgian, British and French armies around the fortified city of Antwerp during World War I. German troops besieged a garrison of Belgian fortress troops, the Belgian field army and the British Royal Naval Division in the Antwerp area, after the German invasion of Belgium in August 1914. The city, which was ringed by forts known as the National Redoubt, was besieged to the south and east by German forces. The Belgian forces in Antwerp conducted three sorties in late September and early October, which interrupted German plans to send troops to France, where reinforcements were needed to counter the French armies and the British Expeditionary Force (BEF).
A German bombardment of the Belgian fortifications with heavy and super-heavy artillery began on 28 September. The Belgian garrison had no hope of victory without relief and despite the arrival of the Royal Naval Division beginning on 3 October, the Germans penetrated the outer ring of forts. When the German advance began to compress a corridor from the west of the city along the Dutch border to the coast, through which the Belgians at Antwerp had maintained contact with the rest of unoccupied Belgium, the Belgian Field Army commenced a withdrawal westwards towards the coast. On 9 October, the remaining garrison surrendered, the Germans occupied the city and some British and Belgian troops escaped to the Netherlands to the north and were interned for the duration of the war. Belgian troops from Antwerp withdrew to the Yser river, close to the French border and dug in, to begin the defence of the last unoccupied part of Belgium and fought the Battle of the Yser against the German 4th Army in October and November 1914. The Belgian Army held the area until late in 1918, when it participated in the Allied liberation of Belgium. The city of Antwerp was defended by numerous forts and other defensive positions, under the command of the Military Governor General Victor Deguise, and was considered to be impregnable. Since the 1880s, Belgian defence planning had been based on holding barrier forts on the Meuse (Maas) at Liège and at the confluence of the Meuse and the Sambre rivers at Namur, to prevent French or German armies from crossing the river, with the option of a retreat to the National redoubt at Antwerp, as a last resort, until the European powers guaranteeing Belgian neutrality could intervene.

The Siege of Antwerp アントワープ包囲

回答No.1

Nakay702 · ベストアンサー

＞The Siege of Antwerp (Dutch: Beleg van Antwerpen, French: Siège d'Anvers, German: Belagerung von Antwerpen) was an engagement between the German and the Belgian, British and French armies around the fortified city of Antwerp during World War I. German troops besieged a garrison of Belgian fortress troops, the Belgian field army and the British Royal Naval Division in the Antwerp area, after the German invasion of Belgium in August 1914. The city, which was ringed by forts known as the National Redoubt, was besieged to the south and east by German forces. The Belgian forces in Antwerp conducted three sorties in late September and early October, which interrupted German plans to send troops to France, where reinforcements were needed to counter the French armies and the British Expeditionary Force (BEF).
⇒「アントワープ包囲戦」（オランダ語：Beleg van Antwerpen、フランス語： Siège d'Anvers、ドイツ語：Belagerung von Antwerpen）は、第一次世界大戦中にドイツ対ベルギー、英国およびフランスの軍隊の間で交戦された。1914年8月にドイツがベルギーに侵攻した後、ドイツ軍はベルギーの要塞守備軍、ベルギー野戦軍、およびアントワープ地域の英国海軍師団の駐屯軍を包囲した。国家要塞として知られる砦の輪に囲まれる都市の南と東がドイツ軍によって包囲されたのである。アントワープのベルギー軍団は9月下旬と10月上旬に3回の出撃を行ったが、それによってドイツ軍のフランスへの軍隊派遣計画が中断された。そのフランスでは、フランス方面軍と英国遠征軍（BEF）に対抗するために（ドイツ軍の）増援が必要とされていたのである。

＞A German bombardment of the Belgian fortifications with heavy and super-heavy artillery began on 28 September. The Belgian garrison had no hope of victory without relief and despite the arrival of the Royal Naval Division beginning on 3 October, the Germans penetrated the outer ring of forts. When the German advance began to compress a corridor from the west of the city along the Dutch border to the coast, through which the Belgians at Antwerp had maintained contact with the rest of unoccupied Belgium, the Belgian Field Army commenced a withdrawal westwards towards the coast.
⇒9月28日、重砲と超重砲の砲撃をもってドイツ軍の砲撃が始まった。ベルギー軍守備隊は、救援なしでは勝利する見込みがなく、10月3日に英国王立海軍師団が到着したにもかかわらず、ドイツ軍は外環の要塞に侵入した。アントワープのベルギー軍がまだ占領されていない他のベルギー地域との接触を維持していたオランダ国境沿いの都市の西から沿岸へ至る通路をドイツ軍が進軍し始めたとき、ベルギー野戦軍は西の沿岸に向かって撤退し始めた。

＞On 9 October, the remaining garrison surrendered, the Germans occupied the city and some British and Belgian troops escaped to the Netherlands to the north and were interned for the duration of the war. Belgian troops from Antwerp withdrew to the Yser river, close to the French border and dug in, to begin the defence of the last unoccupied part of Belgium and fought the Battle of the Yser against the German 4th Army in October and November 1914. The Belgian Army held the area until late in 1918, when it participated in the Allied liberation of Belgium.
⇒10月9日、残りの守備隊駐屯軍が降伏し、ドイツ軍が都市を占領し、一部の英国軍とベルギー軍が北のオランダに向かって逃走し、戦争の間そこに収容された。ベルギー最後の未占領地域の防衛を始めるために、ベルギー軍がアントワープからフランス国境近くのイゼール川に撤退し、1914年10月と11月にドイツ第4方面軍との「イゼールの戦い」を戦った。ベルギー方面軍はその地域を1918年の終わりまで保持したが、その時点でベルギー軍はベルギー解放のため連合国軍の傘下に入った。

＞The city of Antwerp was defended by numerous forts and other defensive positions, under the command of the Military Governor General Victor Deguise, and was considered to be impregnable. Since the 1880s, Belgian defence planning had been based on holding barrier forts on the Meuse (Maas) at Liège and at the confluence of the Meuse and the Sambre rivers at Namur, to prevent French or German armies from crossing the river, with the option of a retreat to the National redoubt at Antwerp, as a last resort, until the European powers guaranteeing Belgian neutrality could intervene.
⇒アントワープ市は、軍事総督ビクター・デギーズ将軍の指揮下、数多くの要塞やその他の防御陣地によって守られており、浸透不能であると考えられていた。1880年代以来、ベルギーの防衛計画は、リエージュのミューズ（マース）川沿いとナミュールにおけるミューズ川・サンブル川の合流点にある防壁砦の保持に基づいていた。それでフランス軍やドイツ軍が川を渡るのを防いでいたが、（もし渡河や侵入の折には）最後の手段として、ヨーロッパ列強国の介入とベルギーの中立保証が適うまで、アントワープにある国家要塞へ後退する、という選択肢があった。
※この段落、構文がむずかしいです。意訳したつもりですが、誤訳があるかも知れません。その節はどうぞ悪しからず。

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