- ベストアンサー
日本の少子化問題について
- 現在日本では少子化が深刻な問題となっています。少子化とは、出生率の低下に伴い総人口に占める子供の数が少なくなることを言います。
- 近年、日本の出生率は急激に低下し、1,970年代にはほぼ2.1程度で安定していました。しかし1,995年には現在の人口を将来にわたって維持するのに必要な水準である2.08を大きく下回る1.42となりました。
- 少子化が進んで来た理由として挙げられるのが、女性の高学歴化、晩婚化、未婚化、住環境問題です。一般的には女性の高学歴化が進み、男女間の給与所得の格差が小さくなったことにより女性が職場を離れることが、生活水準の低下につながるようになりました。結果として晩婚化・未婚化が進み、初産年齢がそれに伴い上昇し、少子化が進んできたと言われています。また男性の育児参加が不充分である為に、女性の子育てに関する負担が過度になり、育児に対する苦痛を女性のみが感じる事により出産・子育てに踏み切れないのも現状です。
- みんなの回答 (1)
- 専門家の回答
質問者が選んだベストアンサー
Currently, the decrease in birthrate within Japan is becoming a serious problem. This means that along with the declining birthrate, the number of children accounting for the total population will also decrease. Statistically, it means that the number of children that a woman has in her lifetime will not amount to the standard of the long-term unchanging population. These are serious problems which will have a large influence on things such as the general economy, social security (especially pension), and the labor market. In recent years Japan's birthrate has rapidly declined. Although it was a stable 2.1 in the 1970's, by 1995 it had dropped to approximately 1.42 - well below the 2.08 required to sustain the current population in the future. Reasons for this decline in birthrate include women pursuing higher education, marriage age increase, decreased marriage rates, and living environment problems. Generally, as women's higher education has moved forward and the earned income gap between men and women has become smaller, women stepping away from the workplace is connected to a decrease in the standard of living. As a result, it is said that both the average marriage age and number of unmarried women has risen, accompanied by a rise in the age which mothers decide to have children. Moreover, there also exists the problem of women not wanting to have/raise children. This is caused by men not participating enough in the child raising process, which leaves women alone to bare the burdens of raising a child. Wow 楽しかったです! 間違ったところはないと思いますが、日本人ではないので保障はできません。