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質問

Prior to arriving in theater, Meerut Division had briefly refit in Egypt after being withdrawn from France. Although prized by I.E.F. "D" as a veteran formation, the Meerut Division's experienced had come at a high price. As part of Indian Expeditionary Force A, later re-designated as the Indian Corps, the Meerut Division had arrived in France in September 1914, participating in the Battle of La Bassée, Battle of Neuve Chapelle, Battle of Aubers, and Battle of Loos. By December 1915, the division has suffered heavy casualties among the sepoys and their British officers. The Indian Army's reserve system, never fully developed before the war, was overtaxed trying to resupply the division's battalions with fresh, trained sepoys. Even more difficult was the problem of finding replacement officers to command the Indian troops.

Since the Sepoy Mutiny, British policy had been to ensure that senior officers of an Indian Army unit would always be British. Only European Britons could hold positions as company commanders, adjutants, quartermasters, and battalion commanders. However, not any British officer would be effective commanding the Indian troops. It took time to teach language and cultural skills necessary to deal with the various castes, religions, and ethnicities that made up the Indian Army.

回答No.1

Nakay702 · ベストアンサー

以下のとおりお答えします。

＞Prior to arriving in theater, Meerut Division had briefly refit in Egypt after being withdrawn from France. Although prized by I.E.F. "D" as a veteran formation, the Meerut Division's experienced had come at a high price. As part of Indian Expeditionary Force A, later re-designated as the Indian Corps, the Meerut Division had arrived in France in September 1914, participating in the Battle of La Bassée, Battle of Neuve Chapelle, Battle of Aubers, and Battle of Loos.
⇒現場への到着に先がけて、メールト師団はフランスから引き戻された後に、再度エジプトに短期間待機していた。老練な編隊としてインド遠征軍Ｄによって高く評価されたけれども、このメールト師団の経験は高くついた。インド遠征軍Aの構成部分として後にインド軍団に任じられ、メールト師団は1914年9月フランスに到着し、ラ・バッセの戦い、ヌーヴ・シャペルの戦い、オーバースの戦い、およびルースの戦いに参戦した。

＞By December 1915, the division has suffered heavy casualties among the sepoys and their British officers. The Indian Army's reserve system, never fully developed before the war, was overtaxed trying to resupply the division's battalions with fresh, trained sepoys. Even more difficult was the problem of finding replacement officers to command the Indian troops.
⇒1915年12月までに、この師団はインド人と彼らの英国将校の間に入って重大な死傷者数を蒙ってしまう。インド地方軍の予備体制は、決して戦争の前に完全には展開していなかったが、訓練された新鮮なインド兵を師団の大隊に再補給しようとして、過度の負担を強いられた。さらに一層困難だったのは、インドの軍隊を統率指揮する将校の交代要員を探す問題であった。

＞Since the Sepoy Mutiny, British policy had been to ensure that senior officers of an Indian Army unit would always be British. Only European Britons could hold positions as company commanders, adjutants, quartermasters, and battalion commanders. However, not any British officer would be effective commanding the Indian troops. It took time to teach language and cultural skills necessary to deal with the various castes, religions, and ethnicities that made up the Indian Army.
⇒セポイの反乱以来、英国の方針は、インド方面軍部隊の上級将校はつねに英国人とすることの保証であった。ヨーロッパのブリトン人だけが、中隊長、その副官、物資補給係将校、および大隊長としての地位を保持できた。しかし、どのような英国の将校でもインド軍隊を効果的に指揮できたわけではない。インド軍隊を構成する様々なカースト（身分）、宗派、および民族的特性を扱うのに必要な言語および文化的な技量を教えるのには時間かかったのである。

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