Learn why a baker's dozen is 13 and its historical significance. Discover how bakers used this practice to avoid punishment and ensure customer satisfaction.
Find out the origin of the term 'baker's dozen' and its connection to the Assize of Bread and Ale. Understand how bakers protected themselves from accusations of shortchanging customers by giving 13 items instead of 12.
Explore the guild codes of the Worshipful Company of Bakers in London and how they enforced the practice of baking 13 items for an intended dozen. Discover the reasoning behind this practice and its role in preventing 'short measure'.
英語のウィキペディアです。
ウィキ先生を調べていたら日本語版はなく英語版でしか解説がない項目にぶちあたりました。
Chrome変換してみたのですが。どうにもこうにも…へんてこりんな和訳で(笑)
正しい和訳をお願いします。「12+1(ダースプラス1)13」についての記事で私が知りたい項目は以下の文章です。
Baking
The "baker's dozen" may have originated as a way for bakers to avoid being blamed for shorting their customers.
"Baker's dozen" redirects here. For other uses, see Baker's dozen (disambiguation).
A baker's dozen, devil's dozen, long dozen, or long measure is 13, one more than a standard dozen. The oldest known source for the expression "baker's dozen" dates to the 13th century in one of the earliest English statutes, instituted during the reign of Henry III (1216–72), called the Assize of Bread and Ale. Bakers who were found to have shortchanged customers (some variations say that they would sell hollow bread) could be subject to severe punishment including judicial amputation of a hand. To guard against losing a hand to an axe, a baker would give 13 for the price of 12 in order to be certain of not being known as a cheat. Specifically, the practice of baking 13 items for an intended dozen was insurance against "short measure", on the basis that one of the 13 could be lost, eaten, burnt, or ruined in some way, leaving the baker with the original legal dozen. The practice can be seen in the guild codes of the Worshipful Company of Bakers in London.
According to the 1811 Dictionary of the Vulgar Tongue, by Capatin Grose, "a Baker's Dozen is Thirteen; that number of rolls being allowed to the purchaser of a dozen".
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お礼
ありがとうございます! 日本語でパン屋の1ダースで検索すれば良かったのですね。 途中から英語のページを無理矢理読んでたので盲点でした。 対訳が知りたいわけじゃなく、由来などを知りたかったので嬉しいです。ありがとうございました。