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質問

The Allied forces had failed to properly reconnoitre the area and sweep it for mines. Aerial reconnaissance by aircraft from the seaplane carrier HMS Ark Royal had discovered a number of mines on 16 and 17 March but failed to spot the line of mines laid by Nusret in Eren Köy Bay. On the day of the attack civilian trawlers sweeping for mines in front of line "A" discovered and destroyed three mines in an area thought to be clear, before the trawlers withdrew under fire. This information was not passed on to de Robeck. At 13:54, Bouvet—having made a turn to starboard into Eren Köy Bay—struck a mine, capsized and sank within a couple of minutes, killing 639 crewmen, only 48 survivors being rescued. At first it appeared that the ship had been hit in a magazine and de Robeck thought that the ship had struck a floating mine or been torpedoed. The British pressed on with the attack. Around 16:00, Inflexible began to withdraw and struck a mine near where Bouvet had sunk killing thirty crewmen and flooding the ship with 1,600 long tons (1,600 t) of water. The battlecruiser remained afloat and eventually beached on the island of Bozcaada (Tenedos) and temporarily repaired with a coffer dam. Irresistible was the next to be mined and as it began to drift, the crew were taken off. De Robeck told Ocean to take Irresistible under tow but the water was deemed too shallow to make an approach. At 18:05, Ocean struck a mine which jammed the steering gear leaving the ship adrift. The abandoned battleships were still floating when the British withdrew but when a destroyer commanded by Commodore Roger Keyes returned to tow or sink the vessels, they could not be found despite a 4-hour search.[49]In 1934, Keyes wrote that
The fear of their fire was actually the deciding factor of the fortunes of the day. For five hours the [destroyer] Wear and picket boats had experienced, quite unperturbed and without any loss, a far more intense fire from them than the sweepers encountered... the latter could not be induced to face it, and sweep ahead of the ships in 'B' line.... I had the almost indelible impression that we were in the presence of a beaten foe. I thought he was beaten at 2 pm. I knew he was beaten at 4 pm — and at midnight I knew with still greater clarity that he was absolutely beaten; and it only remained for us to organise a proper sweeping force and devise some means of dealing with drifting mines to reap the fruits of our efforts.
— Keyes

回答No.1

Nakay702 · ベストアンサー

＞The Allied forces had failed to properly reconnoitre the area and sweep it for mines. Aerial reconnaissance by aircraft from the seaplane carrier HMS Ark Royal had discovered a number of mines on 16 and 17 March but failed to spot the line of mines laid by Nusret in Eren Köy Bay. On the day of the attack civilian trawlers sweeping for mines in front of line "A" discovered and destroyed three mines in an area thought to be clear, before the trawlers withdrew under fire. This information was not passed on to de Robeck.
⇒連合国軍は、この地域を適切に偵察し、機雷を掃討することに失敗していた。航空母艦HMSアークロイヤル号から飛ぶ水上飛行機による空中偵察は、3月16日と17日に多数の機雷を発見したが、エレン・コイ湾にヌスレットが敷設した機雷の列は発見できなかった。攻撃の日に、民間トロール船が機雷列「A」の前の機雷を掃引し、透明と考えられる水域で3つの機雷を発見して破壊した後、砲火の下で撤退した。この情報はド・ロベックには伝えられなかった。

＞At 13:54, Bouvet—having made a turn to starboard into Eren Köy Bay—struck a mine, capsized and sank within a couple of minutes, killing 639 crewmen, only 48 survivors being rescued. At first it appeared that the ship had been hit in a magazine and de Robeck thought that the ship had struck a floating mine or been torpedoed. The British pressed on with the attack. Around 16:00, Inflexible began to withdraw and struck a mine near where Bouvet had sunk killing thirty crewmen and flooding the ship with 1,600 long tons (1,600 t)* of water.
⇒13時54分、ブーベ号は、―エレン・コイ湾に向かって右舷側に曲がり― 数分以内に機雷に当たって転覆し、沈没して639人の乗組員が死亡し、48人の生存者のみが救助された。最初は、船艦が弾薬庫にでも衝突したように見えたので、ド・ロベックは、船艦が浮遊水雷に衝突したか魚雷攻撃を受けたと考えた。英国軍は攻撃を続けた。16時頃、インフレキシブル号は撤退し始め、ブーベ号が沈没した付近で機雷に衝突して30人の乗組員が死亡して、船に1,600英トン（1,600トン）*の水が入った。
＊1,600英トンは、約1,625トンなので、これは誤植と思われる。

＞The battlecruiser remained afloat and eventually beached on the island of Bozcaada (Tenedos) and temporarily repaired with a coffer dam. Irresistible was the next to be mined and as it began to drift, the crew were taken off. De Robeck told Ocean to take Irresistible under tow but the water was deemed too shallow to make an approach. At 18:05, Ocean struck a mine which jammed the steering gear leaving the ship adrift. The abandoned battleships were still floating when the British withdrew but when a destroyer commanded by Commodore Roger Keyes returned to tow or sink the vessels, they could not be found despite a 4-hour search.[49]In 1934, Keyes wrote that
⇒巡洋艦は、浮いたまま最終的にはボズカーダ島（テネドス）に漂着したので、一時的に囲い堰で修理された。（しかし）再度の被弾を避けられず、漂流し始めたので乗組員は離艦した。ド・ロベックは、オーシャン号に対してイレスティシティブル号に接舷するように命じたが、接近するには水深が浅すぎると見なされた。18時5分、オーシャン号は機雷に当たって、操舵ギアが詰まって（舵が利かず）船艦は漂流した。英国軍が撤退したとき、放棄された戦艦はまだ浮いていたが、ロジャー・キーズ提督の指揮する駆逐艦が船舶の曳航または（意図的な）沈没のために戻ったときは、4時間の捜索にもかかわらず発見できなかった。1934年にキーズは次のように書いた。

＞The fear of their fire was actually the deciding factor of the fortunes of the day. For five hours the [destroyer] Wear and picket boats had experienced, quite unperturbed and without any loss, a far more intense fire from them than the sweepers encountered... the latter could not be induced to face it, and sweep ahead of the ships in 'B' line.... I had the almost indelible impression that we were in the presence of a beaten foe. I thought he was beaten at 2 pm. I knew he was beaten at 4 pm — and at midnight I knew with still greater clarity that he was absolutely beaten; and it only remained for us to organise a proper sweeping force and devise some means of dealing with drifting mines to reap the fruits of our efforts.　— Keyes
⇒彼らの砲火に対する恐怖が、その日の運を決定づけた実際的要因でした。〔駆逐艦〕ウェア号とピケットボート（前哨艦）は5時間にわたって、まったく動揺せず、損失もなく、掃海艇が遭遇するよりもはるかに激しい砲火を経験していました…。掃海艇は、砲火に対峙するよう誘導することも、「B」機雷列前の戦艦を掃海することもできませんでした。我々は、打ち負かした敵を前にしているという、ほとんど消し去り難い印象を持っていました。私は、午後2時に敵が打ち破られたと思いました。私は、敵が午後4時に打ち破られたことを —そして真夜中に、敵が絶対的に打ち破られたことを一層明確に知りました。そして、適切な掃海軍を組織し、漂流している機雷に対処すべく手段をいくつか考案して、我々の取り組みの成果を取り込むことができました。　— キーズ

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