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質問

However, the German Army stationed in the area of St. Mihiel lacked sufficient manpower, firepower and effective leadership to launch a counter-attack of its own against the Allies. With Allied offensives to the north, the Germans decided to pull out of the St. Mihiel Salient and consolidate their forces near the Hindenburg Line. The order to evacuate the area was given on 8 September. The Allied forces discovered the information on a written order to Army Group Gallwitz.
Allied tank support
Although the AEF was new to the French theater of war, it trained hard for nearly a year in preparation for fighting against the German armies. In June 1917 Pershing ordered the creation of a tank force to support the AEF's infantry. As a result, by September 1918, Lieutenant Colonel George S. Patton Jr. had finished training two tank battalions – 144 French-built Renault FT light tanks organized as the 344th and 345th Battalions of the United States Tank Corps – at Langres, France for an upcoming offensive at the St. Mihiel salient. "Due to the serious resistance of the enemy, especially along the eastern edge of the FORET d’ARGONNE and in the vicinity of CHEPPY and VARENNES, and due also the lack of support of the Infantry, all the Tanks had contrary to plan entered the action before evening of the first day. The 344th Battalion supporting the advance of the 28th and 35th Divisions left the positions of departure and advanced ahead of the Infantry at H-hour (5:30 a.m.) On the morning of the 26th, Colonel G. S. Patton, Jr., commanding the Brigade of Tanks, was wounded while getting Tanks forward and rallying disorganized Infantrymen to attack enemy resistance. Major Sereno E. Brett, commanding the 344th Battalion, was then placed in command of the Brigade." Patton was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross for his "extraordinary heroism" that day. In addition to the 144 AEF tanks, the attack was joined by 275 French tanks (216 FTs and 59 Schneider CA1 and Saint-Chamond tanks) of the French 1st Assault Artillery Brigade; a total of 419 tanks.
Battle
The Saint-Mihiel offensive began on 12 September with a threefold assault on the salient. The main attack was made against the south face by two American corps. On the right was the I Corps (from right to left the 82nd, 90th, 5th, and 2nd Divisions in line with the 78th in reserve) covering a front from Pont-à-Mousson on the Moselle west toward Limey; on the left, the IV Corps (from right to left the 89th, 42d, and 1st Divisions in line with the 3rd in reserve) extending along a front from Limey west toward Marvoisin.

回答No.1

Nakay702 · ベストアンサー

＞However, the German Army stationed in the area of St. Mihiel lacked sufficient manpower, firepower and effective leadership to launch a counter-attack of its own against the Allies. With Allied offensives to the north, the Germans decided to pull out of the St. Mihiel Salient and consolidate their forces near the Hindenburg Line. The order to evacuate the area was given on 8 September. The Allied forces discovered the information on a written order to Army Group Gallwitz.
⇒しかしながら、サン=ミエル地域に駐留していたドイツ軍は、連合国軍に対する反撃を開始するのに十分な人力、火力、効果的な指導力が不足していた。連合国軍の北への攻撃を受けて、ドイツ軍はサン=ミエル突出部から抜け出し、ヒンデンブルク戦線の近くで軍団を統合強化することに決めた。その地域から避難させる命令は9月8日に与えられた。連合国軍は、ガルウィッツ方面軍グループに宛てた書面による命令の情報を発見した。

＞Allied tank support
　Although the AEF was new to the French theater of war, it trained hard for nearly a year in preparation for fighting against the German armies. In June 1917 Pershing ordered the creation of a tank force to support the AEF's infantry. As a result, by September 1918, Lieutenant Colonel George S. Patton Jr. had finished training two tank battalions – 144 French-built Renault FT light tanks organized as the 344th and 345th Battalions of the United States Tank Corps – at Langres, France for an upcoming offensive at the St. Mihiel salient.
⇒連合国軍戦車隊の支援
　AEF（米国遠征軍）はフランスの戦争現場には新参だったが、ドイツ方面軍との戦いに備えて、ほぼ1年間訓練した。1917年6月、パーシングはAEFの歩兵隊を支援する戦車軍団の創設を命じた。その結果、ジョージ・S.パットン（ジュニア）中佐は、迫り来るサン=ミエルの突出部の攻撃に向けて、1918年9月までにフランスのラングルで2個戦車大隊が―フランス軍ルノーFT軽戦車144台が米国軍第344、第345戦車隊に編入組織して―訓練を終了した。

＞"Due to the serious resistance of the enemy, especially along the eastern edge of the FORET d’ARGONNE and in the vicinity of CHEPPY and VARENNES, and due also the lack of support of the Infantry, all the Tanks had contrary to plan entered the action before evening of the first day. The 344th Battalion supporting the advance of the 28th and 35th Divisions left the positions of departure and advanced ahead of the Infantry at H-hour (5:30 a.m.) On the morning of the 26th, Colonel G. S. Patton, Jr., commanding the Brigade of Tanks, was wounded while getting Tanks forward and rallying disorganized Infantrymen to attack enemy resistance. Major Sereno E. Brett, commanding the 344th Battalion, was then placed in command of the Brigade."
　Patton was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross for his "extraordinary heroism" that day. In addition to the 144 AEF tanks, the attack was joined by 275 French tanks (216 FTs and 59 Schneider CA1 and Saint-Chamond tanks) of the French 1st Assault Artillery Brigade; a total of 419 tanks.
⇒「敵の、特にフォレ・ダルゴンヌの東端およびシェピとヴァロンヌの近隣での、深刻な抵抗のために、そして歩兵隊の支援が不足していたために、すべての戦車隊が、計画に反して初日の夕方より前に戦闘活動に入りました。第28、第35師団の進軍を支持する第344大隊は、H時（午前5時30分）に出発点の陣地を出て、歩兵隊に先立って進軍しました。26日朝、G.S.パットン（ジュニア）大佐は、戦車隊の旅団を指揮しているときに負傷しましたが、戦車隊を前方に進め、敵の抵抗隊を攻撃するために無秩序な（バラけた）歩兵隊を集結させました。そのあとを受けて第344大隊を指揮するセレーノ・E.ブレット少佐が旅団の指揮をとりました」。
　パットンは、その日の「特別な英雄的行動」のために特別十字章を授与された。この攻撃には、AEF戦車144台にフランス軍第1砲撃旅団の275台の戦車（216台のFT型、および59台のシュナイダーCA1型とサン・シャモン型戦車）が加わり、合計419台の戦車隊となった。

＞Battle
　The Saint-Mihiel offensive began on 12 September with a threefold assault on the salient. The main attack was made against the south face by two American corps. On the right was the I Corps (from right to left the 82nd, 90th, 5th, and 2nd Divisions in line with the 78th in reserve) covering a front from Pont-à-Mousson on the Moselle west toward Limey; on the left, the IV Corps (from right to left the 89th, 42d, and 1st Divisions in line with the 3rd in reserve) extending along a front from Limey west toward Marvoisin.
⇒戦闘（の展開状況）
　サン=ミエルの攻撃は、9月12日、突出部に対する3重攻撃をもって開始した。主攻撃は、米国2個軍団によって南面側に対して行われた。右翼では、第I軍団がポン・タ・ムソンからモセユ西のリミー方面への前線を覆った（右から左へ第82、第90、第5、第2の各師団が並び、第78師団が予備に控えていた）。左翼では、第IV軍団が、前線に沿ってリミー西からマルヴォアサンに向かって延びていた（右から左へ第89、第42、第1の各師団が並び、第3師団が予備に控えていた）。

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