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質問

The Action of Khan Baghdadi was an engagement during the Mesopotamian Campaign in World War I.The 15th Indian Division had been at Ramadi since its capture of the town in September 1917. On 9 March 1918, it advanced and occupied the town of Hit in a bloodless victory, the Ottoman forces evacuating without a shot being fired.
The next objective along the Euphrates was the town of Khan al Baghdadi. Most battles in Mesopotamia had been tied to the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. If an attack was successful, the loser would withdraw along the line of the river to prepared positions further back. Securing a proper victory was difficult. In an attempt to break with the usual pattern, the 15th Indian Division were supplied with 300 Ford lorries, the 8th Light Armoured Motor Battery (armoured cars), and the 11th Cavalry Brigade. A mobile blocking force was assembled using divisional infantry in the lorries, the armoured cars, the cavalry brigade, and one of the divisional artillery batteries equipped with double the usual number of horses.
This mobile force was then sent on a wide flanking march around Khan Baghdadi, and dug in behind the Ottoman positions. The remainder of the division then assaulted frontally in the normal fashion, and the Ottomans retreated from the town. They then ran unexpectedly into the blocking force, and their discipline quickly crumbled. The entire force of about 5000 men were taken prisoner.
The mobile force was then dispatched further up the Euphrates in the direction the Ottomans had expected to retreat. 46 miles further upstream was the settlement of Ana. Here was the main Ottoman supply base, which was now captured along with some high-ranking German officers attached to the Ottoman Army.
This was the last attack on the Euphrates Front. The diversion of transport to Dunsterforce during the summer resulted in the CinC of the Mesopotamian Theatre, Sir William Marshall, restricting advances to the Tigris Front only. When the armistice was declared on 1 November 1918, the 15th Indian Division were back downriver at Fallujah.

Khan Baghdadi ハーン・バグダーディー

回答No.1

Nakay702 · ベストアンサー

＞The Action of Khan Baghdadi was an engagement during the Mesopotamian Campaign in World War I.The 15th Indian Division had been at Ramadi since its capture of the town in September 1917. On 9 March 1918, it advanced and occupied the town of Hit in a bloodless victory, the Ottoman forces evacuating without a shot being fired.
⇒「ハーン・バグダディの戦闘」は、第一次世界大戦中の「メソポタミア野戦」間での交戦であった。第15インド師団は、1917年9月に町を攻略して以来ラマディに駐屯していた。1918年3月9日、彼らは進軍し、無血で勝利した上でヒツの町を占拠すると、オスマン軍は射撃されることなく避難した。

＞The next objective along the Euphrates was the town of Khan al Baghdadi. Most battles in Mesopotamia had been tied to the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. If an attack was successful, the loser would withdraw along the line of the river to prepared positions further back. Securing a proper victory was difficult. In an attempt to break with the usual pattern, the 15th Indian Division were supplied with 300 Ford lorries, the 8th Light Armoured Motor Battery (armoured cars), and the 11th Cavalry Brigade. A mobile blocking force was assembled using divisional infantry in the lorries, the armoured cars, the cavalry brigade, and one of the divisional artillery batteries equipped with double the usual number of horses.
⇒ユーフラテス川沿いでの次の目的は、ハーン・アル・バグダディの町であった。メソポタミアにおける戦闘の大部分は、チグリス川やユーフラテス川に結びついていた。攻撃が成功した場合、敗者は川沿いに撤退して、さらに後ろの陣地を準備した。適切な勝利を確保することは困難であった。いつものパターンを打ち破ろうとして、第15インド師団には、300台のフォード製貨物車、第8軽装甲中隊（装甲車）、および第11騎兵旅団が供給された。貨物車、装甲車、騎兵旅団、および通常の2倍の馬数を装備した1師団の数個砲兵中隊を用いて、攻撃防御のための移動軍団が集められた。

＞This mobile force was then sent on a wide flanking march around Khan Baghdadi, and dug in behind the Ottoman positions. The remainder of the division then assaulted frontally in the normal fashion, and the Ottomans retreated from the town. They then ran unexpectedly into the blocking force, and their discipline quickly crumbled. The entire force of about 5000 men were taken prisoner.
⇒この移動軍団は、それからハーン・バグダディ周辺の幅広い側面行進隊として派遣され、オスマン帝国軍陣地の背後に塹壕を掘った。その後、師団の残り兵員が通常の方法で正面から攻撃したので、オスマン帝国軍は町から退去した。彼らは突然、防御軍団の中に走り込んだので、彼らの規律は急速に崩壊した。約5000人の兵士全員が捕虜になった。

＞The mobile force was then dispatched further up the Euphrates in the direction the Ottomans had expected to retreat. 46 miles further upstream was the settlement of Ana. Here was the main Ottoman supply base, which was now captured along with some high-ranking German officers attached to the Ottoman Army.
⇒オスマン帝国軍が後退すると予想された方向へ、つまりユーフラテス川を遡上する形で移動軍団が派遣された。さらに上流の46マイル地点にはアナの駐屯居留地があった。ここにオスマン帝国軍の配給基地があったが、オスマン帝国軍に派遣されたドイツ軍将校高官らとともに、それが攻略された。

＞This was the last attack on the Euphrates Front. *The diversion of transport to Dunsterforce during the summer resulted in the CinC of the Mesopotamian Theatre, Sir William Marshall, restricting advances to the Tigris Front only. When the armistice was declared on 1 November 1918, the 15th Indian Division were back downriver at Fallujah.
⇒これがユーフラテス前線の最後の攻撃となった。*メゾポタミア戦場の総司令官ウィリアム・マーシャル卿は、夏の間ダンスターフォースへの（兵員）輸送を切り換えて、チグリス前線への進軍のみに制限した。1918年11月1日に休戦が宣言されたとき、第15インド師団は川を下ってファルージャにいた。
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