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質問

The status of the Transcaucasian Commissariat was unclear at the time: the Ottomans regarded it as an independent entity, a legal successor of the Russian Empire, while the Commissariat still considered itself a part of the Russian Republic. The Ottoman Empire was already party to the Brest-Litovsk armistice with Russia (15 December) that covered the Caucasian and Persian Fronts. After receiving a ceasefire proposal from Vehib Pasha, commander of the Ottoman Third Army, the Commissariat authorised the commander of the Russian Caucasus Front, General Przhevalski, to negotiate an armistice with his Ottoman opposite. The result was the Erzincan Armistice, after which the Russian troops began to withdraw, leaving the Transcaucasian Commissariat completely undefended.
A supplement to the armistice was signed on the same day, demarcating the line of occupation between the two sides. On 12 February, Ottoman forces began advancing across the line in defiance of the armistice, having rejected the Transcaucasian Commissariat's authority to sign it and accused the Armenians of massacring Muslims behind the Ottoman line on 15–16 January. On 24 February the Brest-Litovsk armistice was broken by Germany and became of no effect. Both armistices were superseded by the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with Russia, signed on 3 March 1918, and the Treaty of Batum with the successor states of the Transcaucasian Commissariat, signed 4 June.

The Special Transcaucasian Committee (Russian: Особый Закавказский Комитет Osobyi Zakavkazskii Komitet (OZaKom, Ozakom or OZAKOM)) was established on March 9, 1917, with Member of the State Duma V. A. Kharlamov as Chairman, to replace the Imperial Viceroy Grand Duke Nikolai Nikolaevich and with special instruction to establish civil administrations in areas occupied in the course of the war on the Caucasian front by the Russian Provisional Government in the Transcaucasia as the highest organ of civil administrative body. Commissars were appointed for the Terek and Kuban oblasts, and these as well as the Committee were to carry on relations with central government institutions through a Commissar for Caucasian Affairs in Petrograd attached to the Provisional Government.

回答No.1

Nakay702 · ベストアンサー

＞The status of the Transcaucasian Commissariat was unclear at the time: the Ottomans regarded it as an independent entity, a legal successor of the Russian Empire, while the Commissariat still considered itself a part of the Russian Republic. The Ottoman Empire was already party to the Brest-Litovsk armistice with Russia (15 December) that covered the Caucasian and Persian Fronts. After receiving a ceasefire proposal from Vehib Pasha, commander of the Ottoman Third Army, the Commissariat authorised the commander of the Russian Caucasus Front, General Przhevalski, to negotiate an armistice with his Ottoman opposite. The result was the Erzincan Armistice, after which the Russian troops began to withdraw, leaving the Transcaucasian Commissariat completely undefended.
⇒トランスコーカサス人民委員会の資格はその時不明瞭であった。オスマントルコ軍はそれを独立の団体で、ロシア帝国の法的後継者とみなしていた一方、人民委員会はまだそれ自身をロシア共和国の一部と考えていた。すでにオスマン帝国は、コーカサスおよびペルシャの前線を包含するロシアとともに、ブレスト=リトフスク停戦（12月15日）に加わっていた。人民委員会は、オスマントルコ軍第3方面軍司令官ヴェヒブ・パシャから停戦提案を受け取った後に、ロシアコーカサス山脈前線の司令官プルゼヴァルスキ将軍に、敵対するオスマントルコ軍との停戦を協議する権限を認めた。それはエルジンカン停戦に結果し、その後ロシア軍隊が撤退し始めて、トランスコーカサス人民委員会は完全に無防備状態のままとなった。

＞A supplement to the armistice was signed on the same day, demarcating the line of occupation between the two sides. On 12 February, Ottoman forces began advancing across the line in defiance of the armistice, having rejected the Transcaucasian Commissariat's authority to sign it and accused the Armenians of massacring Muslims behind the Ottoman line on 15–16 January. On 24 February the Brest-Litovsk armistice was broken by Germany and became of no effect. Both armistices were superseded by the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with Russia, signed on 3 March 1918, and the Treaty of Batum with the successor states of the Transcaucasian Commissariat, signed 4 June.
⇒同じ日に停戦への補足が調印されて、両軍の間の占拠ラインの境界が示された。2月12日、オスマントルコ軍団は停戦を無視してラインを横切って進軍し始め、トランスコーカサス人民委員会の調印権限を拒絶し、1月15日－16日にオスマントルコ戦線背後のアルメニア軍をイスラム教徒虐殺の廉で告発した。2月24日、ブレスト=リトフスク停戦がドイツ軍によって破られて、無効に帰した。両方の停戦協定が、1918年3月3日に調印されたロシアとの「ブレスト＝リトフスク条約」、および6月4日に調印されたトランスコーカサス人民委員会の後継諸州との「バツム条約」にそれぞれ取って替えられた。

＞The Special Transcaucasian Committee (Russian: Особый Закавказский Комитет Osobyi Zakavkazskii Komitet (OZaKom, Ozakom or OZAKOM)) was established on March 9, 1917, with Member of the State Duma V. A. Kharlamov as Chairman, to replace the Imperial Viceroy Grand Duke Nikolai Nikolaevich and with special instruction to establish civil administrations in areas occupied in the course of the war on the Caucasian front by the Russian Provisional Government in the Transcaucasia as the highest organ of civil administrative body. Commissars were appointed for the Terek and Kuban oblasts, and these as well as the Committee were to carry on relations with central government institutions through a Commissar for Caucasian Affairs in Petrograd attached to the Provisional Government.
⇒コーカサス前線における戦争の間に、トランスコーカサスのロシア臨時政府によって占拠された地域に、文民管理団体の最高機関として文民行政機関を設立するという特別指令が出されていたので、「特別トランスコーカサス人民委員会」（ロシア語：Особый Закавказский Комитет Osobyi Zakavkazskii Komitet（略号OZaKom、Ozakom、またはOZAKOM））が1917年3月9日に設立され、会長として、皇帝総督ニコライ・ニコラエヴィッチ大公に代ってロシア下院議員のV. A.カールラモフが就いた。人民委員会の委員らは、ツレク州とクバン州付に任命され、これらの州は委員会だけでなく、ペトログラードの臨時政府に付属するコーカサス関連部局の人民委員を通じて、中央政府組織とも関係を続けることになっていた。

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