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質問

The writers of the German Official History Der Weltkrieg, recorded 78,000 British losses to the end of April and another 64,000 casualties by the end of May, a total of 142,000 men and 85,000 German casualties. German records excluded those "lightly wounded". Captain Cyril Falls (the writer of Military Operations 1917 part I of the History of the Great War) estimated that 30 percent needed to be added to German returns for comparison with the British. Falls makes "a general estimate" that German casualties were "probably fairly equal". Nicholls puts them at 120,000 and Keegan at 130,000. Although Haig paid tribute to Allenby for the plan's "great initial success", Allenby's subordinates "objected to the way he handled the ... attritional stage". Allenby was sent to command the Egyptian Expeditionary Force in Palestine. He regarded the transfer as a "badge of failure" but he "more than redeemed his reputation by defeating" the Ottomans in 1917–18. Haig stayed in his post until the end of the war. When it became apparent that a factor in the British success were the failures of the 6th Army command, Ludendorff removed the commander, General von Falkenhausen (who never held a field command again, spending the rest of war as Governor-General of Belgium) and several staff officers.

回答No.1

Nakay702 · ベストアンサー

＞The writers of the German Official History Der Weltkrieg, recorded 78,000 British losses to the end of April and another 64,000 casualties by the end of May, a total of 142,000 men and 85,000 German casualties. German records excluded those "lightly wounded". Captain Cyril Falls (the writer of Military Operations 1917 part I of the History of the Great War) estimated that 30 percent needed to be added to German returns for comparison with the British. Falls makes "a general estimate" that German casualties were "probably fairly equal". Nicholls puts them at 120,000 and Keegan at 130,000.
⇒ドイツの公報史著者デル・ヴェルトリークは、英国軍の損失は4月末に78,000人、5月末までにもう64,000人、合計142,000人で、ドイツ軍の犠牲者は85,000人と記録した。（ただし）ドイツ軍の「軽傷者」は記録から除外された。シリル・フォールズ大尉（『第一次世界大戦史』第I部、「1917年の軍事作戦行動」の著者）は、英国軍との比較上、ドイツ軍の返報に30パーセントを加える必要がある、と見積もった。フォールズは、（こうすることで）ドイツ軍の犠牲者が、「おそらく（英国軍の場合と）かなり等しかった」という「概括的な評価」をしている。ニコルズは、彼ら（ドイツ軍の犠牲者数）を120,000人とし、キーガンは130,000人としている。

＞Although Haig paid tribute to Allenby for the plan's "great initial success", Allenby's subordinates "objected to the way he handled the ... attritional stage". Allenby was sent to command the Egyptian Expeditionary Force in Palestine. He regarded the transfer as a "badge of failure" but he "more than redeemed his reputation by defeating" the Ottomans in 1917–18. Haig stayed in his post until the end of the war. When it became apparent that a factor in the British success were the failures of the 6th Army command, Ludendorff removed the commander, General von Falkenhausen (who never held a field command again, spending the rest of war as Governor-General of Belgium) and several staff officers.
⇒ヘイグは、計画の「最初の大成功」のゆえにアレンビーに敬意を表したが、アレンビーの部下らは、「彼の…磨耗した段階（の軍隊）の扱い方に反発していた」。アレンビーは、エジプト遠征軍を指揮するためにパレスチナへ派遣された。彼は、その移動を「失敗の象徴」とみなしたが、しかしまた彼は、1917–18年にオスマントルコ軍を「破ったことによって彼の評判を十二分に取り戻した」。ヘイグは、戦争の終わりまで自分の地位に留まった。英国軍の成功要因が、（皮肉にも）第6方面軍司令部の失敗にあったことが明らかになったとき、ルーデンドルフは指揮官、フォン・ファルケンハウゼン将軍と数人の参謀将校を移動させた（彼ファルケンハウゼンは、二度と戦場で指揮をとることなく、ベルギーの総督として戦争の残り期間を過ごした）。

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