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質問

The Ottomans, who had become adept at trench warfare during their victory at Gallipoli, had put their experience to good use. The Ottoman Sixth Army had invested Townshend’s position with an elaborate trench network since December 1915. Downriver, the Field Marshal von der Goltz and his senior Ottoman commander, Khalil Pasha, erected a series of well sited defensive positions at the Hanna and the Sanniyat on the left bank of the river and the Dujaila along the right bank. Because Townshend had adopted a passive defensive stance, even more so since losing his ability to cross the river with the destruction of the pontoon bridge from Kut to the Woolpress village, Von Der Goltz had been able to shift more and more of his troops south. In all, the Ottoman Sixth Army could muster approximately 25,000 men, 1,200 cavalry, and 80 artillery pieces. With Townshend's passivity, Field Marshal Von Der Goltz was able to move the bulk of his forces south, leaving only about 2,000 men to maintain the siege itself. On the left bank, the 52nd, 38th, and part of 35th Ottoman Divisions continued to occupy the Hanna line. 8,500 men, 1,500 cavalry and 32 artillery pieces of the 2nd and 35th Ottoman Divisions defended the right bank of the Tigris at the Dujaila position.

回答No.1

Nakay702 · ベストアンサー

以下のとおりお答えします。チグリス地域における英印軍の劣勢、オスマントルコ軍の優勢の局面を描いています。

＞The Ottomans, who had become adept at trench warfare during their victory at Gallipoli, had put their experience to good use. The Ottoman Sixth Army had invested Townshend’s position with an elaborate trench network since December 1915. Downriver, the Field Marshal von der Goltz and his senior Ottoman commander, Khalil Pasha, erected a series of well sited defensive positions at the Hanna and the Sanniyat on the left bank of the river and the Dujaila along the right bank.
⇒オスマントルコ軍は、ガリポリでの勝利の折に塹壕戦に熟達したが、その経験をうまく利用した。オスマントルコ軍の第6方面軍は、1915年12月以来、精巧な塹壕の組織網をタウンゼンドの陣地（回り）にめぐらせたのである。川下では、陸軍元帥フォン・デル・ゴルツと彼の古参のオスマントルコ司令官ハリル・パシャは、ハナやサニヤットでは川の左岸と、ドゥジャイラでは右岸に沿って防衛陣地にうまく立地する一連の井戸を建設した。

＞Because Townshend had adopted a passive defensive stance, even more so since losing his ability to cross the river with the destruction of the pontoon bridge from Kut to the Woolpress village, Von Der Goltz had been able to shift more and more of his troops south. In all, the Ottoman Sixth Army could muster approximately 25,000 men, 1,200 cavalry, and 80 artillery pieces.
⇒タウンゼンドが受動的な防御の構えをとって、浮き橋の破壊もあって、クツからウールプレス村へ向って渡河するための才覚を失って以来ますます消極的になったので、フォン・デル・ゴルツは彼の軍隊をどんどん南に移すことができた。全体で、オスマントルコ軍第6方面軍は約25,000人の兵士、1,200人の騎兵、および80門の大砲を召集できたのである。

＞With Townshend's passivity, Field Marshal Von Der Goltz was able to move the bulk of his forces south, leaving only about 2,000 men to maintain the siege itself. On the left bank, the 52nd, 38th, and part of 35th Ottoman Divisions continued to occupy the Hanna line. 8,500 men, 1,500 cavalry and 32 artillery pieces of the 2nd and 35th Ottoman Divisions defended the right bank of the Tigris at the Dujaila position.
⇒陸軍元帥フォン・デル・ゴルツは、タウンゼンドの消極性のため、包囲攻撃自体はほんの2,000人ほどの兵士に任せて、軍の本体を南に動かすことができた。左岸には、第52および第38オスマントルコ軍師団、それと第35師団の一部が、ハナ戦線を占領し続けた。ドゥジャイラ陣地で第2師団と第35師団オスマントルコ軍の8,500人の兵士、1,500人の騎兵、および32門の大砲がチグリスの右岸を防御していた。

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