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質問

On 21 December, after a night march of 30 miles (48 km), part of the Imperial Camel Corps Brigade and the Anzac Mounted Division commanded by Chauvel entered El Arish, which had been abandoned by the Ottoman forces, who retreated to Madghaba.

A soldier is looking through the sights of a machine gun amongst the grass in the prone position.
An Australian soldier firing a Lewis Gun during the Battle of Magdhaba
The Turkish outpost of Magdhaba was some 18 miles (29 km) to the southeast into the Sinai desert, from El Arish on the Mediterranean coast. It was the last obstacle to the Allied advance into Palestine.

The Desert Column under Chetwode also arrived that day. Chauvel, with the agreement of Chetwode, set out to attack the Turkish forces at Magdhaba with the Anzac Mounted Division. Leaving at about midnight on 22 December, the Anzac Mounted Division was in a position by 0350 on 23 December, to see Ottoman campfires still some miles away at Magdhaba.

With the 1st Light Horse Brigade in reserve, Chauvel sent the New Zealand Mounted Rifles Brigade and the 3rd Light Horse Brigade to move on Magdhaba by the north and north–east to cut off of retreat, while the Imperial Camel Corps Brigade followed the telegraph line straight on Magdhaba. The 1st Light Horse Brigade reinforced the Imperial Camel Corps Brigade in an attack on the redoubts, but fierce shrapnel fire forced them to advance up the wadi bed. By midday all three brigades and a section of the Camel Brigade, with Vickers and Lewis Gun sections and HAC artillery were engaged in fierce fighting. Aerial reconnaissance to scout out the Ottoman positions greatly assisted the attack, although the six redoubts were well camouflaged.

After tough fighting in the morning of 23 December, at about 13:00, Chauvel heard that the Turks still controlled most of the water in the area. It is claimed at this time that he decided to call off the attack. But at about the same time, after a telephone conversation between Chauvel and Chetwode, all British units attacked, and there was no doubt that the Turks were losing. Both the 1st Light Horse Brigade and the New Zealand Mounted Rifles Brigade made progress, capturing about 100 prisoners, and by 15:30 the Turks were beginning to surrender. By 16:30 the whole garrison had surrendered, having suffered heavy casualties, and the town was captured. The victory had cost 22 dead and 121 wounded.

回答No.1

Nakay702 · ベストアンサー

以下のとおりお答えします。英国軍と支援国軍の、いわば総攻撃から、トルコ軍の敗色が明瞭になるまでの過程を述べています。

＞On 21 December, after a night march of 30 miles (48 km), part of the Imperial Camel Corps Brigade and the Anzac Mounted Division commanded by Chauvel entered El Arish, which had been abandoned by the Ottoman forces, who retreated to Madghaba.
⇒12月21日、帝国ラクダ隊旅団の一部とアンザック軍騎馬隊師団は、ショーヴェルの指揮下30マイル（48km）の夜間行軍の後、オスマントルコ軍がすでに放棄していたエル・アリッシュに入った。彼らオスマントルコ軍はマグダーバに退却していた。

＞A soldier is looking through the sights of a machine gun amongst the grass in the prone position.
An Australian soldier firing a Lewis Gun(*) during the Battle of Magdhaba
The Turkish outpost of Magdhaba was some 18 miles (29 km) to the southeast into the Sinai desert, from El Arish on the Mediterranean coast. It was the last obstacle to the Allied advance into Palestine.
⇒一人の兵士が匍匐の姿勢で、草むらの中の機関銃の風景に目を這わせている。
マグダーバの戦いの間に、ルイス機関銃(*)を発射するオーストラリアの兵士。
マグダーバにあるトルコの前哨基地は、地中海沿岸のエル・アリッシュからシナイ半島砂漠中を約18マイル（29km）行ったところにあるが、それはパレスチナに進軍する連合軍にとって最後の障害であった。
(*)Lewis Gun：「ルイス式軽機関銃」（弾倉を備えた空冷式機関銃で、おもに第一次世界大戦で用いられた）。なお、この行の前後、単文が、続かずに独立しているようですが、意図してのことと考え、そのまま訳しておきます。

＞The Desert Column under Chetwode also arrived that day. Chauvel, with the agreement of Chetwode, set out to attack the Turkish forces at Magdhaba with the Anzac Mounted Division. Leaving at about midnight on 22 December, the Anzac Mounted Division was in a position by 0350 on 23 December, to see Ottoman campfires still some miles away at Magdhaba.
⇒チェトウォード麾下の砂漠縦隊もまた、その日に到着した。ショーヴェルは、チェトウォードの同意を得て、アンザック軍騎馬隊師団とともにマグダーバのトルコ軍攻撃を試みた。12月22日真夜中の頃に発ち、翌12月23日0350（3時50分？）、アンザック軍騎馬隊師団は、まだ数マイル向こうだが、マグダーバにオスマントルコ軍のキャンプファイアが見える位置に来ていた。

＞With the 1st Light Horse Brigade in reserve, Chauvel sent the New Zealand Mounted Rifles Brigade and the 3rd Light Horse Brigade to move on Magdhaba by the north and north–east to cut off of retreat, while the Imperial Camel Corps Brigade followed the telegraph line straight on Magdhaba. The 1st Light Horse Brigade reinforced the Imperial Camel Corps Brigade in an attack on the redoubts, but fierce shrapnel fire forced them to advance up the wadi bed(*).
⇒ショーヴェルは、（敵の）退却路を断つべく、予備軍としての第1軽騎兵隊旅団を起用してそれとともにニュージーランド騎馬ライフル旅団および第3軽騎兵隊旅団をマグダーバの北や北東に移動させた。他方、帝国ラクダ隊旅団はマグダーバに続く電信線伝いを直進していった。第1軽騎兵隊旅団は、要塞への攻撃に際して帝国ラクダ隊旅団を補強したけれども、強烈な榴散弾の砲火を浴びて、ワジベッド(*)へ進むことを余儀なくされた。
(*)wadi bed：「かれ谷」（雨季以外は水のない川床）。

＞By midday all three brigades and a section of the Camel Brigade, with Vickers and Lewis Gun sections and HAC artillery were engaged in fierce fighting. Aerial reconnaissance to scout out the Ottoman positions greatly assisted the attack, although the six redoubts were well camouflaged.
⇒正午までに3個体の旅団すべてと帝国ラクダ隊旅団の１分隊が、ビッカーズ・ルイス機関銃分隊や儀杖砲兵中隊とともに強烈な戦闘に従った。オスマントルコ軍の陣地を査察する空中偵察によって、6か所の要塞が巧妙にカムフラージュされてはいたが、大いに攻撃の助けとなった。
* HAC：Honourable Artillery Company「儀杖砲兵隊」（砲兵隊の１つだが、通常の非戦闘時には礼砲・弔砲を担当する）。

＞After tough fighting in the morning of 23 December, at about 13:00, Chauvel heard that the Turks still controlled most of the water in the area. It is claimed at this time that he decided to call off the attack. But at about the same time, after a telephone conversation between Chauvel and Chetwode, all British units attacked, and there was no doubt that the Turks were losing.
⇒12月23日朝の難しい戦闘の後の13時頃、ショーヴェルは、トルコ軍がまだ地域の水のほとんどを抑えていることを耳にした。彼が攻撃中止の決定を公言したのはこの時であった。しかし間をおかず、ほぼ同じ時間に、ショーヴェルとチェトウォード間での電話会談の後、すべての英国部隊が攻撃をしかけたので、トルコ軍の敗色は疑いないものになった。

＞Both the 1st Light Horse Brigade and the New Zealand Mounted Rifles Brigade made progress, capturing about 100 prisoners, and by 15:30 the Turks were beginning to surrender. By 16:30 the whole garrison had surrendered, having suffered heavy casualties, and the town was captured. The victory had cost 22 dead and 121 wounded.
⇒第1軽騎兵隊旅団とニュージーランド騎馬ライフル旅団の両方が進軍して、約100人を捕因したので、15時30分までにトルコ軍は降服しはじめた。16時30分までには、膨大な死傷者数を蒙って、すべての守備隊が降服し、町は攻略された。（ただし）勝利側は、それと引き換えに22人が死亡し、121人が傷害を負った。

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