和訳
それぞれ異なる話題の英文です。
All languages change all the time. It is not very well understood why this is the case, but it's a universal characteristic of human language. The only languages that don't change are those like Latin, which nobody speaks. Languages change their pronunciations through time. Five hundred years ago, all English speakers pronounced k in know ー now nobody does. Grammatical structures also change. English speakers used to say, Saw you my son? Now people say, Did you see my son? But the most obvious way in which languages change is in the usage and meaning of words.
こちらは、英文自体の意味は多少分かるのですが、内容を考えると、この文が何を言っているのかいまいち良く分かりません。
(1) Culture is the knowledge we pass on from one to anotherーour speech, belief, customs, ways of doing thingsーanything that isn't wholly instinctive. (2) We are born relatively underdeveloped as compared with other mammals, and we require a long period both of physical dependence on adult caretakers and of learning survival skills that are appropriate to the context in which we live. (3) Human survival has depended on nur passing on not only ways of doing things that are useful in our immediate environment but also ways of thinking about what we do that are transferable to other settings. (4)
以下の文が(1)～(4)のいづれかに入ります。
・Learning is intimately bound up with human culture.
・The story of human learning is, then, a story of the individual learning to survive within a culture.
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