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質問

As a result of the operations of 21–23 August, the frontline had been established to the east of the Albert-Arras railway line with all but one of the ridges to the south and west of Bapaume held by IV Corps. However, the 5th Division had been unsuccessful in its attacks which left the ridge running from Loupart Wood to Grévillers and then onto Biefvillers still in the hands of the Germans. Although over 2,000 prisoners of war had been taken during this period along with 25 field guns, the 5th Division had suffered 1,600 casualties by this stage of the battle. The New Zealand Division was tasked to capture Grévillers, held by two battalions of the Royal Bavarian 14th Infantry Regiment (Kgl. Bayerisches 14. Infanterie-Regiment), and then push into, and beyond, Bapaume, while the 37th Division, on the left of the New Zealanders, was to capture Biefvillers. The attack had two phases; the 1st Infantry Brigade was to capture Loupart Wood and Grévillers and establish a line about 450 m (490 yd) beyond. This would leave Bapaume and the high ground beyond to be captured in the second phase by the 2nd Infantry Brigade. Intelligence indicated that Bapaume was lightly held and the advance was to be supported by two brigades of artillery as well as thirteen Mark IV tanks and a company of Whippets. Most of the armoured support was intended to cover the 2nd Infantry Brigade in its advance, as the artillery support was primarily for the 1st Infantry Brigade.

A Whippet tank crossing a trench near Grevillers, August 1918
The New Zealanders' attack began with a night-time advance on 24 August by the 1st Infantry Brigade to clear the approaches to Bapaume, including Loupart Wood and Grévillers. Brigadier General Charles Melvill, commanding the brigade, was directed to move onto Bapaume if it were able to do so quickly. However, progress was delayed by heavy machine gun fire and artillery took its toll on the supporting tanks allocated to the brigade. Furthermore, in contrast to the previous three days, the weather was poor. Despite this, Grévillers fell to the brigade along with 380 prisoners and several field guns. There were over 100 casualties among the attacking New Zealanders, including the commander of 2nd Auckland Battalion.

回答No.1

Nakay702 · ベストアンサー

＞As a result of the operations of 21–23 August, the frontline had been established to the east of the Albert-Arras railway line with all but one of the ridges to the south and west of Bapaume held by IV Corps. However, the 5th Division had been unsuccessful in its attacks which left the ridge running from Loupart Wood to Grévillers and then onto Biefvillers still in the hands of the Germans. Although over 2,000 prisoners of war had been taken during this period along with 25 field guns, the 5th Division had suffered 1,600 casualties by this stage of the battle.
⇒8月21－23日の作戦行動の結果、最前線がアルベール=アラス鉄道線の東に確立され、第IV軍団が保持するバポームの南と西の尾根の1つを除いて全体に伸びた。しかし、第5師団は、攻撃がうまくいかず、ルパール・ウッドからグルヴィエールへ、さらに、依然ドイツ軍の掌握するビフヴィエールへ続く尾根が手つかずのままだった。この期間中、25門の野戦砲とともに2,000人の囚人を捕縛したが、この段階までに第5師団は1,600人の犠牲者を被った。

＞The New Zealand Division was tasked to capture Grévillers, held by two battalions of the Royal Bavarian 14th Infantry Regiment (Kgl. Bayerisches 14. Infanterie-Regiment), and then push into, and beyond, Bapaume, while the 37th Division, on the left of the New Zealanders, was to capture Biefvillers. The attack had two phases; the 1st Infantry Brigade was to capture Loupart Wood and Grévillers and establish a line about 450 m (490 yd) beyond.
⇒ニュージーランド師団は、第14王立ババリア歩兵連隊（Kgl）の2個大隊が保持するグルヴィエールを攻略し、それからバポームに突入し、それを越えて進軍することが課されたが、一方ニュージーランド軍の左翼にある第37師団がバィエヴィエールを攻略することになっていた。この攻撃には2つの局面があって、その第1では、歩兵旅団がルーパー・ウッドとグレヴィエールを攻略して、約450m（490ヤード）以上の戦線を確立することであった。

＞This would leave Bapaume and the high ground beyond to be captured in the second phase by the 2nd Infantry Brigade. Intelligence indicated that Bapaume was lightly held and the advance was to be supported by two brigades of artillery as well as thirteen Mark IV tanks and a company of Whippets. Most of the armoured support was intended to cover the 2nd Infantry Brigade in its advance, as the artillery support was primarily for the 1st Infantry Brigade.
⇒これにより、第2歩兵旅団が第2局面でバポームとその先の高地を攻略することができることになる。諜報部は、バポームの守備は軽微で、しかも進軍は2個砲兵旅団およびマークIV型戦車13台とホイッペッツ中隊によって支援されることを示した。砲撃支援は主に第1歩兵旅団支援のためであるのと同様、防護支援の大半は第2歩兵旅団の進軍を援護することを意図していた。

＞A Whippet tank crossing a trench near Grevillers, August 1918
　The New Zealanders' attack began with a night-time advance on 24 August by the 1st Infantry Brigade to clear the approaches to Bapaume, including Loupart Wood and Grévillers. Brigadier General Charles Melvill, commanding the brigade, was directed to move onto Bapaume if it were able to do so quickly.
⇒グレヴィエール近くの塹壕地帯を横切るホイッペット戦車隊、1918年8月
　ニュージーランド軍の攻撃は、8月24日、第1歩兵旅団の夜間進軍をもって始まり、ルパール・ウッドとグレヴィエールを含むバポームへの接近をクリアした。旅団を指揮していたチャールズ・メルヴィル将軍は、それまで同様すぐにできるものなら、バポームへ移動するように命じられた。

＞However, progress was delayed by heavy machine gun fire and artillery took its toll on the supporting tanks allocated to the brigade. Furthermore, in contrast to the previous three days, the weather was poor. Despite this, Grévillers fell to the brigade along with 380 prisoners and several field guns. There were over 100 casualties among the attacking New Zealanders, including the commander of 2nd Auckland Battalion.
⇒しかし、重機関銃の発砲によって進軍が遅れ、砲兵隊は旅団に配属された支援戦車で犠牲を払った。さらに、過去3日間とは対照的に、天気が悪かった。それにもかかわらず、グレヴィエールは380人の囚人と数門の野戦砲とともに旅団の手に落ちた。ニュージーランド軍攻撃隊にとっては、第2オークランド大隊の指揮官を含み、100人以上の死傷者があった。

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