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質問

The New Zealanders were to play a key role; the 1st and 2nd Infantry Brigades of the New Zealand Division, kept in reserve, were to be ready to exploit any breakthrough on the front. To distract the Germans from the main attack being carried out by the Third Army, the French Tenth Army conducted diversionary attacks to the south. The opening phase of the battle began on 21 August, when two battalions of the New Zealand Rifle Brigade, covered by artillery and fog which reduced visibility to less than 100 m (110 yd), moved forward and seized Puiseux, capturing over 100 prisoners. It established a new line 1,000 m (1,100 yd) beyond the village and secured the flanks of the neighbouring divisions making their own move forwards. The British 5th Division then passed through the brigade's positions to take over the advance. It struggled to take its objective of Achiet-le-Petit and a feature known as the Dovecot and assistance, in the form of patrols mounted by the Rifle Brigade battalions, was provided. Nonetheless, the 5th Division had advanced 3.2 km (2.0 mi) and took over 500 prisoners of war for relatively few casualties.
Little progress was made the next day as Byng directed that the focus for the day was to simply consolidate the gains made and prepare for a further movement forward on 23 August. The relative inactivity of 22 August encouraged von Below in a belief that the attacks of the previous day were a failure. Seeking to take advantage, he arranged for counterattacks to be mounted by the 17th Army, and these resulted in the loss of Dovecot, which overlooked the New Zealand positions. The machine gun battalion of 42nd Division provided key support in driving off the counterattacks which, according to prisoners of war captured during the action, was launched by 52nd Infantry Division, largely made up of men from the Grand Duchy of Baden, which had newly arrived in the sector from Flanders. The following day, 23 August, the 42nd Division attacked Dovecot; a battalion of Lancashire Fusiliers and the 10th Manchester Battalion, assisted by a battalion from the New Zealand Rifle Brigade, took the position after beginning their advance at 2:30 am. The New Zealanders also secured the flank of the 5th Division which attacked towards the village of Irles and then onto Loupart Wood and Grévillers. In the meantime, the 37th Division attacked and captured Bihucourt.

回答No.1

Nakay702 · ベストアンサー

＞The New Zealanders were to play a key role; the 1st and 2nd Infantry Brigades of the New Zealand Division, kept in reserve, were to be ready to exploit any breakthrough on the front. To distract the Germans from the main attack being carried out by the Third Army, the French Tenth Army conducted diversionary attacks to the south. The opening phase of the battle began on 21 August, when two battalions of the New Zealand Rifle Brigade, covered by artillery and fog which reduced visibility to less than 100 m (110 yd), moved forward and seized Puiseux, capturing over 100 prisoners.
⇒ニュージーランド軍は重要な役割を担うことになっていた。ニュージーランド軍師団の第1、第2歩兵旅団は、予備軍に留まり、戦線を突破する準備を整えておく手筈であった。第3方面軍によって遂行される主要攻撃からドイツ軍の注意を南側へそらさせるために、フランス第10方面軍が対抗攻撃を行った。戦闘の火蓋は8月21日に切って落とされた。ニュージーランド軍ライフル旅団は、砲兵隊と、視界が100m（110ヤード）以下に抑えられた霧とに守られて前方へ進み、ピュイゾーを掌握し、100人以上の捕虜を捕縛した。

＞It established a new line 1,000 m (1,100 yd) beyond the village and secured the flanks of the neighbouring divisions making their own move forwards. The British 5th Division then passed through the brigade's positions to take over the advance. It struggled to take its objective of Achiet-le-Petit and a feature known as the Dovecot and assistance, in the form of patrols mounted by the Rifle Brigade battalions, was provided. Nonetheless, the 5th Division had advanced 3.2 km (2.0 mi) and took over 500 prisoners of war for relatively few casualties.
⇒それは村を超えて1,000メートル（1,100ヤード）の新しい戦線を確立し、隣接する諸師団の側面の安全を確保して、それぞれの前方移動を促した。そこで英国軍第5師団は、（ニュージーランド軍の）旅団を通り越えて進軍を引き継いだ。それはライフル旅団の数個大隊による騎馬パトロール編成隊から援助が提供されたが、アシエ・ル・プチの標的とドヴコとして知られる地を奪取するのに苦労した。それにもかかわらず、第5師団は3.2キロ（2マイル）進軍して、500人以上の囚人を捕縛した。

＞Little progress was made the next day as Byng directed that the focus for the day was to simply consolidate the gains made and prepare for a further movement forward on 23 August. The relative inactivity of 22 August encouraged von Below in a belief that the attacks of the previous day were a failure. Seeking to take advantage, he arranged for counterattacks to be mounted by the 17th Army, and these resulted in the loss of Dovecot, which overlooked the New Zealand positions.
⇒その翌日はほとんど前進しなかったが、それは、当日の焦点はもっぱら利得を統合強化し、8月23日のさらなる動きのための準備をするようにというビングの指示があったからである。8月22日の相対的な非活動は、前日の攻撃が失敗であったからだという信念をフォン・ベローに抱かせ、彼を元気づけた。その利点を活用しようとして、彼は第17方面軍に仕かけさせるべく反撃体勢を整えたが、（逆に）ニュージーランド軍陣地を見下ろすところにあるドヴコを失う結果になった。

＞The machine gun battalion of 42nd Division provided key support in driving off the counterattacks which, according to prisoners of war captured during the action, was launched by 52nd Infantry Division, largely made up of men from the Grand Duchy of Baden, which had newly arrived in the sector from Flanders. The following day, 23 August, the 42nd Division attacked Dovecot; a battalion of Lancashire Fusiliers and the 10th Manchester Battalion, assisted by a battalion from the New Zealand Rifle Brigade, took the position after beginning their advance at 2:30 am. The New Zealanders also secured the flank of the 5th Division which attacked towards the village of Irles and then onto Loupart Wood and Grévillers. In the meantime, the 37th Division attacked and captured Bihucourt.
⇒第42師団の機関銃大隊は反撃隊の追い払いで重要な支援を提供した。その反撃は、戦闘中に捕縛した戦争捕虜によると、大部分がフランドルからこの地区に新しく到着したバーデン大公隊の兵士で構成される第52歩兵師団が仕かけたものであった。翌8月23日、第42師団はドヴコを攻撃した。ニュージーランドライフル旅団から来た大隊の支援を受けて、ランカシャーフュージリア（火打ち石銃連隊）と第10マンチェスター大隊は、午前2時30分に進軍を開始した後、すぐにその陣地を奪取した。ニュージーランド軍はまた、イルレ村に向かって攻撃した第5師団の側面の安全を確保し、その後、ルーパー・ウッドとグレヴィエール方面を攻撃した。その間に、第37師団がビュルクールを攻撃し、これを攻略した。

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