入試問題長文 訳お願いします。
推薦入試問題です。
途中まで自分で訳したのですが、次の文からわからなくなりました。
長文で大変ですがお願いします。
解答も訳もないので日本語訳と問題をお願いします。
文中の[integrative motiation]（統合動機づけ？？）も 問題になっていて
問題：この[integrative motivation]という言葉はどのようなことを表していますか。本文の内容を 踏まえて 日本語で説明しなさい。
よくわかりません。 おしえて下さい。
Motivation in second language learning is a complex phenomenon which can be defined in terms of two factors: learners' communicative needs, and their attitudes towards the second language community.
第二外国語学習の動機づけは２つの要因によって定義づけられる複雑な現象である。つまり学習者の第二言語に対する伝達の必要性と態度である。
. If learners need to speak the second language in a wide range of social situations or to fulfil professional ambitions, they will perceive the communicative value of the second language and will therefore be motivated to acquire proficiency in it.
もし学習者が社会状況の広い範囲で第二言語を話すことや職業的な希望を達成することが必要なら、第二言語の伝達価値を知覚しそのためそれに習熟することを達成することを動機づけられるだろう。
Likewise, if learners have favourable attitudes towards the speakers of the language, they will desire more contact with them.
同様にもし学習者が言語の話してに対して好ましい態度を持っているなら、彼らと接触を望むだろう。
Robert Gardner and Wallace Lambert coined the terms [integrative motivation] to refer to language learning for personal growth and cultural enrichment ,and instrumental motivation for language learning for more immediate or practical goals.
Research has shown that these types of motivation are related to success in second language learning.
On the other hand, we should keep in mind that an individual's identity is closely linked with the way he or she speaks. It follows that when speaking a new language, one is adopting some of the identity markers of another cultural group. Depending on the learner's attitudes, learning a second language can be a source of enrichment or a source of resentment. If the speaker's only reason for learning the second language is external pressure, internal motivation may be minimal and general attitudes towards learning may be negative.
One factor which often affects motivation is the social dynamic or power relationship between the languages. That is, members of a minority group may have different attitudes and motivation when learning the language of a majority group than those of majority group members learning a minority language. Even though it is impossible to predict the exact effect of such societal factors on second language learning, the fact that languages exist in social contexts cannot be overlooked when we seek to understand the variables which affect success in learning. Children as well as adults are sensitive to social dynamics and power relationships.
英文ミスがありましたらすいません。
